Species-specific grazing rates of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in oceanic waters, measured with a dual-label radioisotope technique

Lessard, Evelyn J.; Swift, Elijah

doi:10.1007/bf00397808

Cited by 166 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These rates are reasonable relative to experimental results with labeled prey (Lessard & Swift 1985, Sherr et al 1989, and they are conservative in making no allowance for grazing by mixotrophs. It is instructive to note that the 100-fold increase in diatom biomass early in the bloom does not require a similar increase in grazer biomass to bring diatoms under control.…”

Section: Grazing Relationshipssupporting

confidence: 64%

Biological response to iron fertilization in the eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing

Landry¹,

Constantinou²,

Latasa³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

198

143

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Section: Grazing Relationshipssupporting

confidence: 64%

Biological response to iron fertilization in the eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing

Landry¹,

Constantinou²,

Latasa³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

198

143

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“…Recently, choreotrichs have been found to successfully compete with nanoflagellates for bacteria (Fenchel & Jonsson 1988, Sherr & Sherr 1989, Arndt et al 1990), feed on aplastitic flagellates preferably, or in the same proportion with autotrophic food sources (Verity 1991) and show a high growth effic~ency when fed heterotrophic microflagellates (Ohman & Snyder 1991). Our observations of single cell feeding studies, based on the dual-label isotope method (Lessard & Swift 1985), identified several taxonomic groups of choreotrichs that selectively ingested heterotrophic over phototrophic food sources (Neuer & Cowles unpubl.). Furthermore, in the experiment conducted on April 12, 1990, the highest choreotrich biomass of all experiments was accompanied by a low rate of herbivory.…”

Section: Importance Of Different Grazer Groupsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…But the captured food is not strictly autotrophic since detrital particles as well as bacteria and flagellates can constitute food for these cells (Lessard 1985, Jacobson & Anderson 1986. This group, if abundant, should be important herbivores.…”

Section: Importance Of Different Grazer Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protist herbivory in the Oregon upwelling system

Neuer¹,

Cowles²

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We investigated the role of phagotrophic protists in the Oregon upwelhng system over a 2 yr period by determining protist abundance, and by measuring grazing and phytoplankton growth rates with the seawater-dilution method. Off Oregon (USA), upwelling occurs predominantly during the summer months as episodic upwelling events which give rise to phytoplankton blooms. Abundance of phagotrophc protists, grouped into ciliates (mostly choreotrich forms), thecate and gymnodinoid dinoflagellates and nonpigmented nanoflagellates, was lowest in freshly upwelled water (3 pg C 1-l) and hghest during the late stages of the phytoplankton blooms (61 pg C 1 -l ) . Overall rates of herbivory ranged from 0 to 0.6 d-' during the upwelling season which represented 0 to 120 % of the phytoplankton production. Highest phytoplankton growth rates were measured during bloom periods in the upwelling season (0.67 to 1.58 d-l) when phytoplankton biomass was highest (10.7 to 55.3 pg chl a l-l).During bloom periods, phagotrophic protists utilized 16 to 52% of phytoplankton production, or 612 to 1413 pg C 1-' d-'. Gyrnnodinoid dinoflagellates were most abundant during the upwelling season. often exceeding the biovolume of choreotrich ciliates and of thecate dinoflagellates. Rates of herbivory were closely h k e d to the abundance of this group of dinoflagellates. The abundance of large-celled gymnodinoids (>20 pm) and large phytoplankton (>20 pm, mostly &atoms) covaried, indicating that the bloom-forming diatoms were being utilized as a food source. Thus, the microbial food web is an integral part of the trophic interactions in coastal upwelling systems including large phytoplankton cells as prey of protist grazers.

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“…Heterotrophic dinoflagellates feed on bacteria (Lessard & Swift 1985, Strom 1991, algae (Jacobson 1987, Johnson et al 2003, Menden-Deuer et al 2005, heterotrophic nanoflagellates (Jeong et al 2007b), ciliates , eggs and naupliar stages of copepods (Jeong 1994), larvae of bivalves (Burkholder & Glasgow 1997, Springer et al 2002, the blood of finfish (Burkholder & Glasgow 1997, Parrow et al 2005, Jeong et al 2006, and the epidermis, muscle, and gills of finfish (Burkholder & Glasgow 1997). However, prior to the present study, there had been no studies on the feeding by a heterotrophic dinoflagellate species on other heterotrophic dinoflagellate species.…”

Section: Growth and Ingestion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Feeding by protists and copepods on the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Pfiesteria piscicida, Stoeckeria algicida, and Luciella masanensis

Jeong¹,

Kim²,

Song³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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-1 , respectively). S. jeokjo had significantly higher attack ratios (number of attempted captures relative to number of physical contacts between predator and prey) when fed on P. piscicida and S. algicida (18 to 25%) than on L. masanensis (5%). Similarly, successful capture (number of prey ingested relative to number of attempted captures) of P. piscicida and S. algicida (82 to 87%) was significantly higher than that of L. masanensis (2%). L. masanensis may have defensive behavior or chemical protection against predation. However, maximum ingestion rates of Acartia spp. fed on these dinoflagellate species were similar. In understanding the population dynamics and predatorprey interactions of these 3 closely related dinoflagellate species, it is important to distinguish between predation by protists and by copepods.

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Species-specific grazing rates of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in oceanic waters, measured with a dual-label radioisotope technique

Cited by 166 publications

References 37 publications

Biological response to iron fertilization in the eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing

Biological response to iron fertilization in the eastern equatorial Pacific (IronEx II). III. Dynamics of phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing

Protist herbivory in the Oregon upwelling system

Feeding by protists and copepods on the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Pfiesteria piscicida, Stoeckeria algicida, and Luciella masanensis

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