Specific roles of tocopherols and tocotrienols in seed longevity and germination tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic rice

Chen, Defu; Li, Yanlan; Fang, Tao; Shi, Xiaoli; Chen, Xiwen

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.12.005

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…S11) confered by the Morex HGGT haplotype can be considered relevant for the fitness of the grains. The fundamental fitness of each grain can be regarded as its ability to germinate, which is controlled by the tocochromanol content: vitamin E deficient grains and seeds of transgenic rice 71 and Arabidopsis plants 72 displayed a drastic decrease in longevity as they are less resilient towards oxidative damage during dormancy. High germination rates are of paramount interest for farmers and uniform germination properties represent an important feature of high quality malt for brewing 73 for which about 30% of the produced barley biomass are used 67,68 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the genetic basis for vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley accessions

Schuy

Groth

Ammon

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Tocopherols and tocotrienols, commonly referred to as vitamin E, are essential compounds in food and feed. Due to their lipophilic nature they protect biomembranes by preventing the propagation of lipid-peroxidation especially during oxidative stress. Since their synthesis is restricted to photosynthetic organisms, plant-derived products are the major source of natural vitamin E. In the present study the genetic basis for high vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions was uncovered. A genome wide association study (GWAS) allowed the identification of two genes located on chromosome 7H, homogentisate phytyltransferase ( HPT-7H ) and homogentisate geranylgeranyltransferase ( HGGT ) that code for key enzymes controlling the accumulation of tocopherols in leaves and tocotrienols in grains, respectively. Transcript profiling showed a correlation between HPT-7H expression and vitamin E content in leaves. Allele sequencing allowed to decipher the allelic variation of HPT-7H and HGGT genes corresponding to high and low vitamin E contents in the respective tissues. Using the obtained sequence information molecular markers have been developed which can be used to assist smart breeding of high vitamin E barley varieties. This will facilitate the selection of genotypes more tolerant to oxidative stress and producing high-quality grains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the genetic basis for vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley accessions

Schuy

Groth

Ammon

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Vitamin E plays an important role in regulating lipid peroxidation, which aids in quelling oxidative damage during seed dormancy. This is supported by genetic mutants and transgenic lines with reduced Vitamin E exhibiting a significant reduction in their seed longevity (Chen, Li, Fang, Shi, & Chen, 2016;Sattler et al, 2004). In general, high germination rates in seeds are of paramount importance for farmers.…”

Section: Phenotypic Variation For Tocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome‐wide association analysis of natural variation in seed tocochromanols of barley

Mahalingam¹,

Sallam

Steffenson

et al. 2020

The Plant Genome

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Tocochromanols (tocols for short), commonly called Vitamin E, are lipid-soluble plant antioxidants vital for regulating lipid peroxidation in chloroplasts and seeds. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds contain all eight different isoforms of tocols; however, the extent of natural variation in their composition and their underlying genetic basis is not known. Tocol levels in barley seeds were quantified in diverse H. vulgare panels comprising 297 wild lines from a diversity panel and 160 cultivated spring-type accessions from the mini-core panel representing the genetic diversity of the USDA barley germplasm collection. Significant differences were observed in the concentration of tocols between the two panels. To identify the genes associated with tocols, genome-wide association analysis was conducted with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Illumina arrays for the mini-core panel and genotyping-by-sequencing for the wild barley panel. Forty unique SNPs in the wild barley and 27 SNPs in the mini-core panel were significantly associated with various tocols. Marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified on chromosomes 1, 6, and 7 for key genes in the tocol biosynthesis pathway, which have also been reported in other studies. Several novel MTAs were identified on chromosomes 2, 3, 4 and 5 and were found to be in proximity to genes involved in the generation of precursor metabolites required for tocol biosynthesis. This study provides a valuable resource for barley breeding programs targeting specific isoforms of seed tocols and for investigating the physiological roles of these metabolites in seed longevity, dormancy, and germination.

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“…At the late seed maturation stage such important events as transition to dormancy and onset of desiccation tolerance occur [8]. The molecular basis of the desiccation tolerance of the orthodox seeds is accumulation of such compounds as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, small heat shock proteins (sHSP), non-reducing oligosaccharides of the raffinose group (RFO) [1,3,8,14] and such low molecular weight antioxidants as glutathione [15], tocopherols [16] and carotenoids [17] (Fig. 1A).…”

Section: Mechanisms Behind the Onset Of Desiccation Tolerance During mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, low molecular weight hydrophobic antioxidants tocochromanols (i.e. tocopherols and tocotrienols), carotenoids, as hydrophilic redox metabolism -ascorbate and glutathione, can be involved [16,17,52].…”

Section: Seed Redox Homeostasis and Antioxidant Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced form of ascorbate is able to directly interact with ROS, as well as participate in the reduction of other low molecular weight antioxidants -tocopherols, glutathione. Tocopherols are universal protectors of cell membranes, participating in the quenching of ROS and thus preventing non-enzymatic oxidation of lipids [16,105]. Glutathione can directly act as a ROS-quenching molecule or can serve as an electron donor for enzymes involved in ROS detoxification, for example, glutathione S-transferase [132].…”

Section: Seed Redox Homeostasis and Antioxidant Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Desiccation Tolerance as The Basis of Long-Term Seed Viability

Smolikova¹,

Leonova²,

Vashurina³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Desiccation tolerance appeared as the key adaptation feature of photoautotrophic organisms for survival in terrestrial habitats. During the further evolution, vascular plants developed complex anatomy structures and molecular mechanisms to maintain the hydrated state of cell environment, which essentially increased their ability to sustain water deficit and dehydration. However, the role of the genes encoding the mechanisms behind this adaptive feature in the higher vascular plants is restricted to the dehydration protection of spores, seeds and pollen, whereas the mature vegetative stages became sensitive to desiccation. During maturation, orthodox seeds lose up to 95% of their water and successfully enter dormancy. This feature allows seeds maintaining their viability even under strongly fluctuating environmental conditions. The mechanisms behind the desiccation tolerance are activated at the late seed maturation stage and are associated with the accumulation of late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA proteins), small heat shock proteins (sHSP), non-reducing oligosaccharides, and antioxidants of different chemical nature. The main regulators of maturation and desiccation tolerance onset are abscisic acid and protein DOG1, which control the network of transcription factors, among which are LEC1, LEC2, FUS3, ABI3, ABI5, AGL67, PLATZ1, PLATZ2. This network is complemented by epigenetic regulation of gene expression by methylation of DNA, post-translational modifications of histones and chromatin remodeling impact on seed desiccation tolerance and longevity. Moreover, orthodox seeds are able to maintain desiccation tolerance during germination up to the stage of radicle protrusion. This time point is critical in the process of seed development, as the seeds lose desiccation tolerance at this moment.

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Specific roles of tocopherols and tocotrienols in seed longevity and germination tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic rice

Cited by 42 publications

References 35 publications

Deciphering the genetic basis for vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley accessions

Deciphering the genetic basis for vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley accessions

Genome‐wide association analysis of natural variation in seed tocochromanols of barley

Desiccation Tolerance as The Basis of Long-Term Seed Viability

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