Spectrophotometric determination of some phenothiazine derivatives and opipramol with chloramine-T

Efficient Oxidizing Agents for Determination of 2,10-Disubstituted Phenothiazines

“…Issa et al 50 proposed chloramine T for the spectrophotometric determination of 2,10-disubstituted phenothiazines. The color is produced by heating the drug solution with chloramine T. The colored product is extracted into chloroform and the absorbance is measured.…”

“…50 In general, the presence of an acidic medium permits the oxidation reaction of phenothiazines, and in some cases stabilizes the color radical. However some methods are based on the formation of a color product in a neutral medium.…”

“…The formed products in reactions with oxidizing agents, such as KMnO4, Ce(SO4)2, KIO3, KBrO3, H2O2 are not extractable with organic solvents from an acid medium, and decompose if the pH of the medium increases. 50 El-Kommos and Emara 51 described spectrophotometric methods for the determination of five 2,10-disubstituted phenothiazines. The methods are based on the development of colored products with 3-methylbenzothiazolin-2-one hydrazone (MBTH) in the presence of iron(III) salts.…”

A Highly Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Phenothiazine Antipsychotics Using Chloramine-T and Indigocarmine

“…In this paper, we present the optimum conditions for the indirect spectrophotometric determination of phenothiazines with chloramine-T and indigocarmine. This new procedure is accurate, highly sensitive, rapid, simple and completely different from methods [26][27][28] already published where Chloramine-T (CAT) was used as reagent.…”

A Simple Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Phenothiazine Drugs in Pharmaceutical Samples

“…4 The methods used for their determination include spctrofluorometry, 5 conductometry, 6 fluoroimmunoassay, 7 HPLC, 8 GLC, 9 adsorptive voltametry 10 and chemiluminescence measurements. 11 Many spectrophotometric methods have been already proposed, but some of them either lack sensitivity or specificity [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] or require long heating times [20][21][22][23] or involve nonaqueous media. 24,25 Almost all spectrophotometric methods are based on the formation of colored radical cation, which suffer from two disadvantages: critical acid or oxidant concentration and instability of colored species ranging from 10 -30 min.…”