Sphingobacterium lactis sp. nov. and Sphingobacterium alimentarium sp. nov., isolated from raw milk and a dairy environment

Abstract

Four non-fermenting, rod-shaped, Gram-staining-negative bacterial strains, designated WCC 4512 T , WS 4555, WCC 4521 T and WS 4556, were isolated from raw milk and the dairy environment. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and groEL gene sequences demonstrated the affiliation of the four strains to two distinct clusters within the class Sphingobacteriia, phylum 'Bacteroidetes'. Strains WCC 4512 T and WS 4555 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain of S. daejeonense (97.3 and 97.2 %, respectively), whereas strains WCC 4521 T and WS 4556 were most closely related to S. composti LMG 23401 T (97.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The DNA G+C contents of strains WCC 4512 T and WCC 4521 T were 44.2 and 39.3 mol%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids and the presence of menaquinone MK-7 as the predominant quinone for both strains WCC 4512 T and WCC 4521 T supported their affiliation to the genus Sphingobacterium. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between strain WCC 4512 T and S. daejeonense LMG 23402 T and between strain WCC 4521 T and S. composti LMG 23401 T revealed DNA relatedness values of 2 % (repetition, 3 %) and 8 % (repetition, 17 %), respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and genetic properties, as well as phylogenetic distinctiveness, it is suggested that the four strains represent two novel Sphingobacterium species with strain WCC 4512 T (5DSM 22361 T 5LMG 25272 T ) as the type strain of Sphingobacterium lactis sp. nov. (WS 4555 is a reference strain of S. lactis) and strain WCC 4521 T (5DSM 22362 T 5LMG 25273 T ) as the type strain of Sphingobacterium alimentarium sp. nov. (WS 4556 is a reference strain of S. alimentarium).In 1983, Yabuuchi and colleagues described the genus Sphingobacterium (family Sphingobacteriaceae, order Sphingobacteriales, class Sphingobacteriia, phylum 'Bacteroidetes'; Ludwig et al., 2008), for Gram-staining-negative, nonspore-forming rods containing high quantities of sphingophospholipids in their cells (Yabuuchi et al., 1983). At the time of writing, the genus encompassed the following 15 species with validly published names: Sphingobacterium multivorum, S. mizutaii and the type species S. spiritivorum (Yabuuchi et al

Microbial Populations of Fresh and Cold Stored Donkey Milk by High-Throughput Sequencing Provide Indication for A Correct Management of This High-Value Product

“…Besides, Sphingobacterium spp. has been isolated from different habitats, including raw cow and yak milk [37][38][39]. Massilia spp.…”

Sphingobacterium griseoflavum sp. nov., isolated from the insect Teleogryllus occipitalis living in deserted cropland

“…Members of the genus Sphingobacterium have been isolated from clinical materials, raw milk, lichen, fresh leaves, water, soil, compost, activated sludge and soybean plants. Currently, the genus Sphingobacterium includes 32 species with validly published names: S. multivorum, S. mizutaii and the type species, S. spiritivorum (Yabuuchi et al, 1983); S. faecium and S. thalpophilum (Takeuchi &Yokota, 1992); S. daejeonense (Kim et al, 2006); S. composti ; S. canadense (Mehnaz et al, 2007); S. siyangense (Liu et al, 2008); S. kitahiroshimense (Matsuyama et al, 2008); S. anhuiense (Wei et al, 2008); S. bambusae (Duan et al, 2009); S. shayense (He et al, 2010); S. kyonggiense (Choi & Lee, 2012); S. alimentarium and S. lactis (Schmidt et al, 2012); S. detergens (Marqués et al, 2012); S. nematocida (Liu et al, 2012); S. wenxiniae (Zhang et al, 2012); S. caeni (Sun et al, 2013); S. changzhouense (Liu et al, 2013); S. cladoniae (Lee et al, 2013); S. hotanense (Xiao et al, 2013); S. psychroaquaticum (Albert et al, 2013); S. thermophilum (Yabe et al, 2013); S. arenae (Jiang et al, 2014); S. ginsenosidimutans (Son et al, 2013) S. paludis (Feng et al, 2014); S. gobiense (Zhao et al, 2014); and S. mucilaginosum (Du et al, 2015).…”

Sphingobacterium mucilaginosum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of a rose

“…At the time of writing, the genus Sphingobacterium contains 32 species with validly published names including Flavobacterium mizutaii , which is now generally accepted to belong to the genus Sphingobacterium as Sphingobacterium mizutaii (Choi & Lee, 2012). These species of the genus Sphingobacterium were mostly isolated from soil, clinical specimens, compost, plants, raw milk, sludge and lake water (Albert et al , 2013; Peng et al , 2014; Schmidt et al , 2012; Sun et al , 2013; Yabuuchi et al , 1983). Most species of the genus Sphingobacterium contain iso-C 15 : 0 , C 16 : 1 ω7 c , C 16 : 0 and C 17 : 0 3-OH as the main fatty acids (Feng et al , 2014; Liu et al , 2008).…”