Storm-Induced Predator-Prey Decoupling Promotes Springtime Accumulation of North Atlantic Phytoplankton

Morison, Françoise; Harvey, Elizabeth L.; Franzè, Gayantonia; Menden‐Deuer, Susanne

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00608

Cited by 27 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…perpendicular distances between parallel tangents across opposite sides of the particle, made at 5 • each between −90 • and +90 • . Water for plankton community analyses was collected from a depth of 5 m using a Niskin rosette with 10 L bottles equipped with a SBE911plus (Seabird Electronics) CTD (Conductivity, Temperature and Depth) profiler and gently strained through a 200 µm mesh (see Morison et al, 2019). Particle counts and size distribution were analyzed onboard using a Coulter Counter Model III, following the protocol described above for the analysis of mono-specific laboratory cultures.…”

Section: Flowcammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle counts and size distribution were analyzed onboard using a Coulter Counter Model III, following the protocol described above for the analysis of mono-specific laboratory cultures. Chl a analysis followed the procedure regularly used by our laboratory for Chl a extraction (e.g., Morison et al, 2019). In brief, Chl a concentration was determined from triplicate 180 ml subsamples taken from the same Niskin bottle after filtration on GF/F filters and extraction followed Graff and Rynearson (2011), except that extraction took place in the dark at room temperature for 12 h in 96% ethanol (Jespersen and Christoffersen, 1987).…”

Section: Flowcammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We conducted an examination of whole community plankton composition in the <200 µm size range from samples collected during the May 2016 cruise of the NAAMES campaign (Behrenfeld et al, 2019;Morison et al, 2019;Saliba et al, 2019). Particle counts, size-fractionated Chl a, and an imagebased approach resolved the dominant species, thus spatial shifts in plankton community composition and particle size distribution could rapidly be identified.…”

Section: Whole Plankton Community Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Instrument Assessment of Phytoplankton Abundance and Cell Sizes in Mono-Specific Laboratory Cultures and Whole Plankton Community Composition in the North Atlantic

et al. 2020

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Plankton Particle Characterization image-based approaches. Application of this coupled approach can help identify fundamental ecosystem characteristics such as particle size spectra that affect primary production, trophic transfer, and export. Ultimately, the tremendous species diversity of plankton can be leveraged as particle tracking and identification keys, such as near-real time identification of coherent water masses.

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Section: Flowcammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flowcammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole Plankton Community Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Instrument Assessment of Phytoplankton Abundance and Cell Sizes in Mono-Specific Laboratory Cultures and Whole Plankton Community Composition in the North Atlantic

et al. 2020

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“…The two-point method has been recognized as a reliable alternative to the traditional dilution series (Chen, 2015;Morison & Menden-Deuer, 2017) and has been used successfully in many studies (e.g., Worden & Binder, 2003;Strom & Fredrickson, 2008;Landry et al, 2008;Landry et al, 2009;Landry et al, 2011;Lawrence & Menden-Deuer, 2012;Menden-Deuer, Lawrence & Franzè, 2018). Methods are presented in detail in a companion paper (Morison et al, 2019). In brief, the two dilutions used were 100% and 20% <200 µm WSW.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The photoacclimation process can introduce artifacts in the estimation of phytoplankton growth rates due to changes in phytoplankton cells' pigment content and therefore in the Chl a to carbon ratio in response to a change of light (Ross et al, 2011). To avoid such artifacts, a photoacclimation index (Phi) was estimated following Gutiérrez-Rodríguez et al (2010), Gutierrez-Rodriguez et al, (2011) and Morison et al (2019), using flow cytometry (FC) data obtained from 200 µL aliquots of <40 µm screened WSW analyzed live on a Guava R easyCyte Flow Cytometer. FC data were collected as previously described in Morison et al (2019).…”

Section: Rate Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesozooplankton grazing minimally impacts phytoplankton abundance during spring in the western North Atlantic

Morison

Pierson

Oikonomou

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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The impacts of grazing by meso- and microzooplankton on phytoplankton primary production (PP) was investigated in the surface layer of the western North Atlantic during spring. Shipboard experiments were performed on a latitudinal transect at three stations that differed in mixed layer depth, temperature, and mesozooplankton taxonomic composition. The mesozooplankton community was numerically dominated by Calanus finmarchicus at the northern and central station, with Calanus hyperboreus also present at the northern station. The southern station was >10 °C warmer than the other stations and had the most diverse mesozooplankton assemblage, dominated by small copepods including Paracalanus spp. Microzooplankton grazing was detected only at the northern station, where it removed 97% of PP. Estimated clearance rates by C. hyperboreus and C. finmarchicus suggested that at in-situ abundance these mesozooplankton were not likely to have a major impact on phytoplankton abundance, unless locally aggregated. Although mesozooplankton grazing impact on total phytoplankton was minimal, these grazers completely removed the numerically scarce > 10 µm particles, altering the particle-size spectrum. At the southern station, grazing by the whole mesozooplankton assemblage resulted in a removal of 14% of PP, and its effect on net phytoplankton growth rate was similar irrespective of ambient light. In contrast, reduction in light availability had an approximately 3-fold greater impact on net phytoplankton growth rate than mesozooplankton grazing pressure. The low mesozooplankton grazing impact across stations suggests limited mesozooplankton-mediated vertical export of phytoplankton production. The constraints provided here on trophic transfer, as well as quantitative estimates of the relative contribution of light and grazer controls of PP and of grazer-induced shifts in particle size spectra, illuminate food web dynamics and aid in parameterizing modeling-frameworks assessing global elemental fluxes and carbon export.

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Microzooplankton grazing constrains pathways of carbon export in the subarctic North Pacific

McNair

Morison

Graff

et al. 2021

Limnology & Oceanography

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To identify the effect of microzooplankton grazing on phytoplankton abundance and size structure, we quantified phytoplankton growth and herbivorous grazing rates throughout the euphotic zone and across a light gradient on the North Pacific EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) cruise near Ocean Station Papa. During 30 days of continuous, Lagrangian observation in August and September of 2018, depth integrated chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were stable and averaged 20 AE 2 mg m À2 . Bottleincubation experiments revealed that phytoplankton growth was balanced by microzooplankton grazing even when phytoplankton growth rates varied from 0 to 0.4 d À1 in response to light manipulation. Microzooplankton grazing caused a decline in phytoplankton abundance that was balanced by increased phytoplankton cell size resulting in consistent phytoplankton biomass over time. Microzooplankton grazed phytoplankton at an average rate of 0.11 AE 0.17 d À1 which lead to an intrinsic phytoplankton growth rate of À0.07 AE 0.26 d À1 . Predicted stocks from grazing experiments aligned closely (within 16%) with in situ Chl a dynamics and phytoplankton abundance, suggesting that the dominant loss process of phytoplankton was grazing by microzooplankton rather than physical mixing or sinking of phytoplankton. Consequently, microzooplankton played a critical role in regulating primary producer biomass and in transferring particulate organic carbon through the food web where a fraction could then be exported as byproducts of food web processes.

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Storm-Induced Predator-Prey Decoupling Promotes Springtime Accumulation of North Atlantic Phytoplankton

Cited by 27 publications

References 75 publications

Multi-Instrument Assessment of Phytoplankton Abundance and Cell Sizes in Mono-Specific Laboratory Cultures and Whole Plankton Community Composition in the North Atlantic

Multi-Instrument Assessment of Phytoplankton Abundance and Cell Sizes in Mono-Specific Laboratory Cultures and Whole Plankton Community Composition in the North Atlantic

Mesozooplankton grazing minimally impacts phytoplankton abundance during spring in the western North Atlantic

Microzooplankton grazing constrains pathways of carbon export in the subarctic North Pacific

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