Storm Water Management Model: Performance Review and Gap Analysis

Niazi, Mehran; Nietch, Christopher T.; Maghrebi, Mahdi; Jackson, Nicole D.; Bennett, Brittany R; Tryby, Michael E.; Massoudieh, Arash

doi:10.1061/jswbay.0000817

Cited by 175 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…On the other hand, models that have been explicitly developed to assess the effects of LID practices in mixed land cover watersheds (e.g., VELMA and Regional Hydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys) [66]) may have a strong biogeochemical module (because of their mixed land cover focus) but a more limited hydrological capacity to physically represent LID practices, as compared with a model such as SWMM. Responses to these challenges are evolving by incorporating LID modules within ecohydrological models, such as VELMA, that provide mechanistic representations of LID performance [14] and coupling models to quantify how LID affects the fate and transport of various pollutants, as well as couple SWMM with other watershed models to improve simulations of urban hydrology [67].…”

Section: Implications For Stormwater Management and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative Effects of Low Impact Development on Watershed Hydrology in a Mixed Land-Cover System

Hoghooghi

Golden

Bledsoe

et al. 2018

Water

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Low Impact Development (LID) is an alternative to conventional urban stormwater management practices, which aims at mitigating the impacts of urbanization on water quantity and quality. Plot and local scale studies provide evidence of LID effectiveness; however, little is known about the overall watershed scale influence of LID practices. This is particularly true in watersheds with a land cover that is more diverse than that of urban or suburban classifications alone. We address this watershed-scale gap by assessing the effects of three common LID practices (rain gardens, permeable pavement, and riparian buffers) on the hydrology of a 0.94 km 2 mixed land cover watershed. We used a spatially-explicit ecohydrological model, called Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessments (VELMA), to compare changes in watershed hydrologic responses before and after the implementation of LID practices. For the LID scenarios, we examined different spatial configurations, using 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% implementation extents, to convert sidewalks into rain gardens, and parking lots and driveways into permeable pavement. We further applied 20 m and 40 m riparian buffers along streams that were adjacent to agricultural land cover. The results showed overall increases in shallow subsurface runoff and infiltration, as well as evapotranspiration, and decreases in peak flows and surface runoff across all types and configurations of LID. Among individual LID practices, rain gardens had the greatest influence on each component of the overall watershed water balance. As anticipated, the combination of LID practices at the highest implementation level resulted in the most substantial changes to the overall watershed hydrology. It is notable that all hydrological changes from the LID implementation, ranging from 0.01 to 0.06 km 2 across the study watershed, were modest, which suggests a potentially limited efficacy of LID practices in mixed land cover watersheds.

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Section: Implications For Stormwater Management and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative Effects of Low Impact Development on Watershed Hydrology in a Mixed Land-Cover System

Hoghooghi

Golden

Bledsoe

et al. 2018

Water

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“…This study models the current state and the three designed SUDS scenarios using the stormwater management model (SWMM) (EPA, Washington, DC, USA [44]) to assess the impact of SUDS on water quantity and quality. SWMM [44][45][46][47][48][49] is a widely used tool for single event and long-term simulations of different water balance components, such as surface runoff, flood volume, discharge, and losses in urban areas. Losses refer to water lost from the system in the form of evaporation and infiltration.…”

Section: Water Quantity and Quality Assessment Through Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can We Really Have It All?—Designing Multifunctionality with Sustainable Urban Drainage System Elements

et al. 2019

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Multifunctionality is seen as one of the key benefits delivered by sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS). It has been promoted by both scientific research and practical guidelines. However, interrelations between different benefits are vaguely defined, thus highlighting a lack of knowledge on ways they could be promoted in the actual design process. In this research, multifunctionality has been studied with the help of scenario analysis. Three stormwater scenarios involving different range of SUDS elements have been designed for the case area of Kirstinpuisto in the city of Turku, Finland. Thereafter, the alternative design scenarios have been assessed with four criteria related to multifunctionality (water quantity, water quality, amenity, and biodiversity). The results showed that multifunctionality could be analyzed in the design phase itself, and thus provided knowingly. However, assessing amenity and biodiversity values is more complex and in addition, we still lack proper methods. As the four criteria have mutual interconnections, multifunctionality should be considered during the landscape architectural design, or else we could likely lose some benefits related to multifunctionality. This reinforces emerging understanding that an interdisciplinary approach is needed to combine ecological comprehension together with the system thinking into SUDS design, locating them not as individual elements or as a part of the treatment train, but in connection with wider social ecological framework of urban landscape.

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“…One of the most widely used models in urban drainage modeling is the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) (ROSSMAN, 2004;LENHS, 2012), which couples hydrological and hydraulic modeling (NIAZI et al, 2017). This is a public domain software with open-source programming code.…”

Section: Hydrological and Hydraulic Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model is able to simulate several hydrological processes: precipitation, interception, infiltration, evapotranspiration, depressions storage, and overland and drainage network flows. As such, it is one of the most used models in urban drainage studies (LENHS, 2012;NIAZI et al, 2017).…”

Section: Hydrological and Hydraulic Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the construction of an urban flood hazard chart

Siqueira

Moura

Silva

2019

RBRH

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Flood events are one of the major causes of economic loss and the loss of life worldwide. Unfortunately, their occurrence has become increasingly more frequent and of greater magnitude. In order to minimize the population’s exposure to danger, it is necessary to invest in tools that aid in the decision-making process related to urban drainage management. The present work proposes a methodology for the construction of a Flood Hazard Chart for urban watersheds. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was applied to the Cachoeirinha Watershed (Belo Horizonte, Brazil). The model was calibrated and validated using precipitation data and water levels recorded in monitoring stations located in the study area. The Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficients for the calibration and validation were 0.72 and 0.70, respectively. The performance of the model was satisfactory, although the model was not able to represent the more intense rain events that led to emergency and overflow warnings. Modeling results allowed the construction of the hazard chart, which defined hazard ranges or warning levels of hazard as a function of accumulated rainfall and duration. The constructed graph was assessed from real precipitation events and proved to be valid, since most events corresponded with the defined warning levels in the chart. The Flood Hazard Chart proposed in this research is a valuable tool for flood risk management as it has the potential to reduce exposure to flood disasters.

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Storm Water Management Model: Performance Review and Gap Analysis

Cited by 175 publications

References 181 publications

Cumulative Effects of Low Impact Development on Watershed Hydrology in a Mixed Land-Cover System

Cumulative Effects of Low Impact Development on Watershed Hydrology in a Mixed Land-Cover System

Can We Really Have It All?—Designing Multifunctionality with Sustainable Urban Drainage System Elements

Methodology for the construction of an urban flood hazard chart

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