“…In both experimental and naturalistic studies, dialogue partners have been found to repeat each other's words, syntactic structures, and even articulation in the production of utterances. Alignment effects have been found in different languages and speaker populations, including adults (e.g., Branigan, Pickering, & Cleland, 2000;Gries, 2005;Levelt & Kelter, 1982;Pardo, 2006), children (e.g., Huttenlocher, Vasilyeva, & Shimpi, 2004), second language learners (Costa, Pickering, & Sorace, 2008;McDonough, 2006), and deaf children (Van Beijsterveldt & Van Hell, 2009). It has been also been found that alignment at one level, such as the lexical level, enhances alignment at other levels, such as the syntactic level (e.g., Branigan et al, 2000;Schoonbaert, Hartsuiker, & Pickering, 2007).…”