Structure of the nectary in Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach. in different stages of flowering with focus on nectar secretion

Weryszko-Chmielewska, Elżbieta; Sulborska, Aneta; Sawidis, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00709-022-01750-5

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The present observations showed cuticular striation on the surface of nectary epidermis cells in the six R. idaeus cultivars. Such ornamentation was also reported in other members of the Rosaceae family, e.g., various species of the genera Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Malus, Prunus, Sorbus, and Chaenomeles [20,[45][46][47][48]. Literature data indicate that cuticular ornamentation is a characteristic trait of various cultivars or a group of cultivars [49].…”

Section: Nectary Micromorphologymentioning

confidence: 60%

Nectar Secretion, Morphology, Anatomy and Ultrastructure of Floral Nectary in Selected Rubus idaeus L. Varieties

Kostryco

Chwil

2022

Agriculture

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The distinctive features of floral nectaries facilitate identification of ecological and phylogenetic links between related taxa. The structure and functioning of nectaries determine the relationships between plants, pollinators, and the environment. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the micromorphology of the epidermis in the floral nectaries of six Rubus idaeus cultivars belonging to biennial (‘Glen Ample’, ‘Laszka’, ‘Radziejowa’) and repeated fruiting (‘Pokusa’, ‘Polana’, ‘Polka’) groups. Another objective was to characterize the cuticle ornamentation and stomatal morphology, the anatomy of the nectary epidermis, parenchyma, and sub-nectary parenchyma in the initial nectar secretion phase, as well as the ultrastructure of the nectary epidermis and parenchyma cells in the initial and full nectar secretion phases. The study was carried out using light, fluorescence, scanning and transmission-electron microscopy techniques. Semi-thin and ultrathin sections were used for the microscopic analyses. The cuticular ornamentation and stomatal morphology may be helpful elements in the identification of relatedness between Rubus species. The interaction of the extensive system of endoplasmic reticulum membranes, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus indicates high metabolic activity, and the fusion of transport vesicles with the membrane suggests granulocrine nectar secretion. The results bring new data to the biology of plants.

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Section: Nectary Micromorphologymentioning

confidence: 60%

Nectar Secretion, Morphology, Anatomy and Ultrastructure of Floral Nectary in Selected Rubus idaeus L. Varieties

Kostryco

Chwil

2022

Agriculture

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“…Similarly, as reported in the present work, earlier studies conducted by various authors demonstrated mixed secretion by nectaries in other plant species [ 82 ]. It has been shown that floral nectaries produced sugars, lipids, and phenolic compounds in some Anacardiaceae [ 83 ], Bignoniaceae [ 82 ], Celastraceae [ 84 ], Fabaceae [ 85 ], and Rosaceae [ 86 ] plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Floral Nectary in Dracocephalum moldavica L. Produce Nectar and Essential Oil? Structure and Histochemistry of the Nectary

Konarska

Weryszko-Chmielewska

Dmitruk

et al. 2022

Biology

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Dracocephalum moldavica is an aromatic plant with a lemon scent and versatile use. Its flowers produce large amounts of nectar, which is collected by bees and bumblebees. The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of the floral nectary in this melliferous plant, which has not been analysed to date. The analyses were carried out with the use of light, fluorescence, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy, as well as histochemical techniques. The four-lobed nectary with a diameter of 0.9–1.2 mm and a maximum height of 1.2 mm is located at the ovary base; one of its lobes is larger than the others and bears 20–30 nectarostomata and 8–9 glandular trichomes. The histochemical assays revealed the presence of essential oil and phenolic compounds in the nectary tissues and in glandular trichomes. The nectary tissues are supplied by xylem- and phloem-containing vascular bundles. The nectariferous parenchyma cells have numerous mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, dictyosomes, ER profiles, vesicles, thin cell walls, and plasmodesmata. Starch grains are present only in the tissues of nectaries in floral buds. The study showed high metabolic activity of D. moldavica nectary glands, i.e., production of not only nectar but also essential oil, which may increase the attractiveness of the flowers to pollinators, inhibit the growth of fungal and bacterial pathogens, and limit pest foraging.

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“…The investigation of floral nectaries in the Pyrus genus is important not only due to its role in sexual reproduction, but because it is the place for primary infection of Erwinia amylovora in the flowers [17]. Characteristics, micromorphology and ultrastructure of floral nectaries were studied in many cultivated and ornamental members of the Rosaceae family, such as representatives of the genuses Malus, Pyrus, Cydonia, Prunus, Rubus, Chaenomeles, Cotoneaster and Rosa [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Morpho-Anatomy of Nectaries and Chemical Composition of Nectar in Pear Cultivars with Different Susceptibility to Erwinia amlylovora

et al. 2023

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The topography and morpho-anatomical characteristics of floral nectaries and the chemical analysis of nectar have been studied in seven pear cultivars with different susceptibility to Erwinia amylovora. The susceptible cultivar Williams, the moderately resistant cultivars Bella di guigno, Poire de Cure and the low susceptible cultivar Alexander Lucas originated from Pyrus communis, while highly resistant cultivars Chojuro and Nijisseiki from P. pyraster and Kieffer as interspecies hybrid P. communis × P. pyraster were included in this experiment and studied for the first time. Large differences in size and structure of the nectaries were observed in these seven pear cultivars. The epidermal cells were with cuticle being more or less striated in Alexander Lucas, Kieffer and Williams. Resistant cultivars had a narrow, elongated cell shape of epidermal cells while those susceptible had an isodiametric. Stomata were mesomorphic in all cultivars except in Poire de Cure and Williams, being slightly xeromorphic since they were situated in deep hollows. Guard cells of the modified stomata were much larger in resistant cultivars. Hypanthium cells were larger in resistant compared to susceptible cultivars. The most abundant sugars were glucose, fructose, sorbitol and sucrose in nectar of all studied pear cultivars. The resistant cultivars (Chojuro, Kieffer and Nijisseiki) had a ~2-fold higher level of sorbitol and galactose, ~2.2-fold higher isomaltose, ~2.7-fold turanose, ~3.35-fold maltose, ~4.4-fold melibiose and ~12.7-fold higher melesitose compared to susceptible cultivars. The sum of quantified phenolic acids varied from 0.049 (Williams) up to 4.074 µg CAE/mL (Kieffer), while flavonoid glycosides levels ranged from 1.224 (Williams) up to 11.686 µg RE/mL (Nijisseiki). In the nectar of the resistant cultivars, rutin, apigetrin, together with patuletin and luteolin glycosides were detected but not in susceptible cultivars, which could be considered as the markers of resistance.

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Structure of the nectary in Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach. in different stages of flowering with focus on nectar secretion

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Nectar Secretion, Morphology, Anatomy and Ultrastructure of Floral Nectary in Selected Rubus idaeus L. Varieties

Nectar Secretion, Morphology, Anatomy and Ultrastructure of Floral Nectary in Selected Rubus idaeus L. Varieties

Does the Floral Nectary in Dracocephalum moldavica L. Produce Nectar and Essential Oil? Structure and Histochemistry of the Nectary

The Morpho-Anatomy of Nectaries and Chemical Composition of Nectar in Pear Cultivars with Different Susceptibility to Erwinia amlylovora

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