Studi Komparatif Upaya Penanganan Malpraktek Medis dalam Proses Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia dan Amerika

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan mengenai upaya penanganan Malapraktik medis dalam proses peradilan pidana di Indonesia dan Amerika sebagai salah satu negara yang maju dalam bidang medis dan teknologi kedokterannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu diketahui bahwa pembuktian pada kasus Malapraktik di Indonesia menggunakan cara yang sama seperti yang diatur oleh KUHAP. Pembuktian dalam KUHAP menganut sistem atau teori pembuktian yang berdasarkan undang-undang secara negatif (negatief wettelijk), sedangkan di Amerika Serikat dalam menyelesaikan kasus Malapraktik medis menerapkan asas res ipsa loquitur. Di Amerika Serikat tiap-tiap negara bagian memiliki ketentuan-ketentuannya sendiri-sendiri dalam mengadili dokter. Beberapa perangkat hukum kedokteran yang dikenal di Amerika Serikat yaitu Liability Act, Good Samaritan Law dan Medico Legal Consideration.

Comparison of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Laws Applied in the United States and Indonesia

“…In Anglo Saxon countries, especially regulation and law enforcement regarding medical malpractice has been far developed than in Indonesia (Faisal, Hasima, & Rizky, 2020). This can be seen from the rules contained in these countries.…”

“…Liability Act is a strict legal instrument, with the stipulation that: when a doctor is willing to accept a patient, the doctor assumes full responsibility. The United States is one of the successful countries in dealing with medical malpractice (Faisal, Hasima, & Rizky, 2020). Law enforcers know how the rules of the game solve malpractice problems.…”

“…In the United States, medical law is strongly influenced by the legal system in general in the country (Faisal, Hasima, & Rizky, 2020). In the Anglo Saxon country, judges are the main center of legal development through their decisions.…”

“…Indonesia adheres to the Civil Law System which emphasizes legal sources from laws and regulations, while the United States, which is developing in any field is more advanced, adheres to the Common Law System (Faisal, Hasima, & Rizky, 2020). According to Sutiono, the source of law is a legal entity consisting of legal parts that are related to one another which aims to achieve that unity (Sutiono, 2021).…”

“…Pluralism of the legal system makes the law more sophisticated and continues to develop to solve a conflict in law (Faisal, Hasima, & Rizky, 2020).…”