Successful transfer of Sandia National Laboratories' outdoor test technology to T&amp;#x00DC;V Rheinland Photovoltaic Testing Laboratory

Granata, Jennifer E; Boyson, W.E.; Kratochvil, J.A.; Li, Bo; Abbaraju, Venkata; TamizhMani, GovindaSamy; Pratt, Lawrence E

doi:10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186606

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These standardized temperature coefficients do not depend on specific features of the Isofotón I–53, for example, the number of cells, so that they are useful for a comparison with the literature values 7 . The obtained mean value of

β_{r e l} = - 0.34 \pm

0.02%/°C is close to the nominal one

β_{r e l}^{*}

and also to those ones reported in all the literature referring to sc‐Si devices 8,9,24,25,53‐55 . By taking into account the estimation of I SC,STC (see Table 3), the mean value of

α_{r e l} = + 0.036 \pm

0.09%/°C can be compared with the nominal one and some other values published in literature, regardless of the cell area and of the number of strings in parallel within the PV module.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Several modules from three different technologies, installed on two‐axis sun trackers at two different locations, are measured, and the temperature coefficients are calculated by Granata et al 25 Different measurement systems have been used: a commercial capacitive curve tracer and an experimental system based on a set of laboratory instruments. The thermal insulation of the module back surface is proven to be useful to make the temperature of the modules more uniform and to expand the upper limit of the temperature range.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature coefficients of degraded crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules at outdoor conditions

Piliougine

Oukaja

Sidrach‐de‐Cardona

et al. 2021

Progress in Photovoltaics

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The temperature effect on photovoltaic modules is usually quantified by means of some coefficients relating the variations of the open‐circuit voltage, of the short‐circuit current, and of the maximum power to temperature changes. In this paper, comprehensive experimental guidelines to estimate the temperature coefficients when measurements are performed outdoors are given. In addition, a correction procedure is applied to the short‐circuit current to cancel out the influence of the fluctuations in the irradiance level. The experimental results shown in this paper refer to several single‐crystalline silicon modules that have been operating for 21 years. Consequently, the estimated values of the temperature coefficients also account for module ageing processes. The coefficients of determination achieved in the case of the temperature coefficients of the open‐circuit voltage and the maximum power are very close to one. Results concerning the temperature coefficients of the short‐circuit current are also suitable if they are previously corrected.

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β_{r e l} = - 0.34 \pm

0.02%/°C is close to the nominal one

β_{r e l}^{*}

and also to those ones reported in all the literature referring to sc‐Si devices 8,9,24,25,53‐55 . By taking into account the estimation of I SC,STC (see Table 3), the mean value of

α_{r e l} = + 0.036 \pm

0.09%/°C can be compared with the nominal one and some other values published in literature, regardless of the cell area and of the number of strings in parallel within the PV module.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature coefficients of degraded crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules at outdoor conditions

Piliougine

Oukaja

Sidrach‐de‐Cardona

et al. 2021

Progress in Photovoltaics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Granada et al . published an intercomparison of the SNL characterization on crystalline and a ‐Si modules that reported TC measurement results, but not f ( m A ) . The description of the test facilities stated that total irradiance is measured with both hemispherical pyranometers and calibrated PV reference cells, but does not indicate which total irradiance is used for the reported module performance parameters at SRC.…”

Section: Variability Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic module calibration value versus optical air mass: the air mass function

Osterwald

Emery

Muller

2012

Progress in Photovoltaics

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So‐called “air mass functions” of photovoltaic modules are used to approximate the effects of spectral responsivity and to correct short‐circuit current to or from a reference condition. These empirical functions are determined from outdoor measurements with test modules mounted on two‐axis solar trackers and then calculated from plots of normalized calibration value (short‐circuit current divided by total irradiance) versus optical air mass. Because they are incorporated into a number of photovoltaic system modeling and sizing software programs, the accuracy of the functions has direct implications for system costs. We discuss the assumptions associated with these functions that are generally not considered or ignored, and study their variability with respect to atmospheric constituents. The variability study included a 6‐month outdoor measurement on a crystalline‐Si module and a software simulation of the same module using a solar spectral irradiance model. We conclude that air mass functions depend on the measurement location and time, and therefore are not unique to a particular device. Also, using these functions introduces two distinct errors, the magnitudes of which are unknown without knowledge of spectral irradiance conditions. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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“…Four modules from each manufacturer are then mounted on an automatic two-axis tracker for the experiment. Sandia National Laboratories has done an extensive study to generate power matrix using a 2axis tracker test method and a regression data analysis [3,4]. The 2-axis tracker test method and the translation models presented in this paper are different from that of Sandia procedure in two major points of views: (i) Sandia method uses only one module on a 2-axis tracker whereas ASU method uses four identical modules to avoid/limit the extrapolation and simultaneously cover the wide irradiance and temperature ranges required in IEC 61853-1 (two modules with wire meshes of different transmittance to obtain data at low irradiances and two with thermally insulated backsheet to obtain data at high temperatures); and (ii) Sandia method uses an automated regression model for the extraction of performance parameters whereas ASU method uses an translation models delineated in the IEC 60891 standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power rating of photovoltaic modules per IEC 61853-1 standard using a new outdoor test method

Vemula

John

Kuitche

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)

Self Cite

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Photovoltaic modules are typically rated at three test conditions: STC, NOCT and Low irradiance. This paper discusses the power rating of modules at twenty-three test conditions as per the IEC 61853-1 standard using a new outdoor test method. Polycrystalline silicon modules from four different manufacturers were installed on the two-axis tracker and monitored for up to 12 continuous days. In order to obtain the I-V data at wide range of temperatures and irradiance levels, four identical modules were simultaneously installed on the tracker with and without thermal insulators on the back of the modules and with and without mesh screens on the front of the modules. This work investigates the minimum number of days required to perform power rating of modules at twenty-three test conditions.

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Successful transfer of Sandia National Laboratories' outdoor test technology to TÜV Rheinland Photovoltaic Testing Laboratory

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Temperature coefficients of degraded crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules at outdoor conditions

Temperature coefficients of degraded crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules at outdoor conditions

Photovoltaic module calibration value versus optical air mass: the air mass function

Power rating of photovoltaic modules per IEC 61853-1 standard using a new outdoor test method

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