Sugar-Rich Hydrolysates of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch Production Through Two Step Solid State Fermentations and Its Conversion to Ethanol

Abstract

An improvement hydrolysis to produce a sugar-rich palm oil empty fruit bunches (POEFB) through a two-step solid state fermentation using Aspergillus niger and Tricodhermaviride has been investigated. Initial solid state fermentation was done in a hundred grams of water saturated POEFB medium in the 5L flaskwithout the addition of any nutrient. The medium was sterilized, inoculated with A. niger, and incubated at 30 C for 5 days. The sugar-rich hydrolysates in POEFB medium were harvested through filtration by adding 100 ml distilled water. Then POEFB sugar-rich free hydrolysates were subsequent re-sterilized, inoculated with T. viride and at the same temperature. After for 4 days incubation,sugar-rich hydrolysates also extracted and pooled. The analysis proves that the sugar-rich hydrolysates containing 6.52% (33.4 g sugar in a total volume of 512 ml or 65.2 mg/ml) as a reducing sugar. Further analysis by Gas Chromatograph (GC)astransmethylated sugar as alditol acetates revealed that 63% of POEFB hydrolysates are monosaccharides (41.1 mg/ml). Anaerobic fermentation of sugarrich hydrolysates using Saccharomyces cerreviseae at 30 C for 36 hours gave yield maximum 19.1 mg/ml ethanol concentration with efficiency 46.5%, respectively.

Activity of an A-L-Rhamnosidase Produced by Aspergillus niger During Solid State Fermentation of Coffee Pulp Wastes

“…This enzyme has been widely used in several industrial applications as a catalyst (Habelt & Pittner, 1983;Bokkenheuser et al, 1987;Caldini et al, 1994;Wang et al, 2005;Birgisson et al, 2007). The application of enzymes in the bioconversion process is the veracious strategy because it does not harm either have no negative impact to the environment and further its stability of the biodiversity in ecosystem function will always be maintained (Prakasham et al, 2007;Muzakhar et al, 2015;Muzakhar et al, 2017). However, to produce enzyme still requires a quite costly process including the materials either purification process.…”

Pectinase Production by Using Coffee Pulp Substrate as Carbon and Nitrogen Source

“…Enzyme properties. The effect of pH on the enzyme activity and stability was determined at the pH range of 3 to 8 [15]. The crude enzyme was dissolved in buffer acetate (pH 3-5) and buffer phosphate (pH 5.5-8).…”

Preliminary Investigation of Cellulase Producer Candidate Isolate VT11 Using Coffee Pulp Waste Under Solid-State Fermentation

“…These were inoculated with 1 mL suspension of spores and incubated at 30 ℃ for 24 to 168 hours. The crude enzyme in solid substrate of coffee pulp was harvested through filtration every day [15] by adding 20 mL aquadest containing 0.01 % Na Azide + 0.1% NaCl (v/v) [16] for stop the fermentation process. After that, incubated on a shaker for 12 hours at 30 ℃.…”