Sulfated modification can enhance antiviral activities of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vitro

Liu, Chuanmin; Chen, Huijuan; Chen, Kun; Gao, Yanfeng; Gao, Song; Liu, Xiufan; Li, Jingui

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.09.020

Cited by 52 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In that regards, an antiviral molecule or metabolite might be a good alternative to the currently used vaccines. Recently published studies showed few compounds that can inhibits PRRSV as glycosides, terpenoids, coumarins, isoflavones, peptolides, alkaloids, flavones, macrolides [41], N-acetylpenicillamine [42], cyclosporine A [43], sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate [44], flavaspidic acid AB [45], Ribavirin [46], and morpholino oligomer [47], or compounds derived from plant as a polysaccharide isolated from Achyranthes bidentata [48] or a mushroom extract from Cryptoporus volvatus [49]. However, there is no commercially available antiviral drug against PRRSV on the market.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Possesses an Antiviral Activity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

et al. 2014

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Pigs are often colonized by more than one bacterial and/or viral species during respiratory tract infections. This phenomenon is known as the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are pathogens that are frequently involved in PRDC. The main objective of this project was to study the in vitro interactions between these two pathogens and the host cells in the context of mixed infections. To fulfill this objective, PRRSV permissive cell lines such as MARC-145, SJPL, and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) were used. A pre-infection with PRRSV was performed at 0.5 multiplicity of infection (MOI) followed by an infection with App at 10 MOI. Bacterial adherence and cell death were compared. Results showed that PRRSV pre-infection did not affect bacterial adherence to the cells. PRRSV and App co-infection produced an additive cytotoxicity effect. Interestingly, a pre-infection of SJPL and PAM cells with App blocked completely PRRSV infection. Incubation of SJPL and PAM cells with an App cell-free culture supernatant is also sufficient to significantly block PRRSV infection. This antiviral activity is not due to LPS but rather by small molecular weight, heat-resistant App metabolites (<1 kDa). The antiviral activity was also observed in SJPL cells infected with swine influenza virus but to a much lower extent compared to PRRSV. More importantly, the PRRSV antiviral activity of App was also seen with PAM, the cells targeted by the virus in vivo during infection in pigs. The antiviral activity might be due, at least in part, to the production of interferon γ. The use of in vitro experimental models to study viral and bacterial co-infections will lead to a better understanding of the interactions between pathogens and their host cells, and could allow the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic tools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Possesses an Antiviral Activity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

et al. 2014

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“…However, natural sources of sulfated polysaccharides are relatively rare in the plant. Therefore, it is a simple, powerful and effective chemical modification method to employ sulfation to enhance the biological activities of polysaccharides (Liu et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfation, structural analysis, and anticoagulant bioactivity of ginger polysaccharides

Wang

Tang

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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In this study, ginger polysaccharide (GP), ginger polysaccharide 1 (GP1), and ginger polysaccharide 2 (GP2) from ginger were firstly modified by sulfation. Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra investigation of sulfated ginger polysaccharide (SGP), sulfated ginger polysaccharide 1 (SGP1), and sulfated ginger polysaccharide 2 (SGP2) revealed that the sulfation successfully occurred with the characteristic absorption peak of polysaccharide. Congo red experiment showed that triple helical structure existed in SGP and SGP1, but random coils existed in SGP2. SGP, SGP1, and SGP2 all showed a rough and rugged surface with plenty of small pores. The blood clotting time of SGP2 or SGP at 2 mg/mL in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay was 41.42 or 38.01 s, respectively, which were approximately 1.33‐ and 1.22‐fold longer than that of the physiological saline. Compared to the saline control group, prothrombin time (PT) was increased by 1.22‐fold with the addition of GP at 2 mg/mL. However, no clotting inhibition phenomenon was observed in thrombin time test even at the concentrations that APTT and PT were obviously prolonged. It indicated that GP2, SGP2, and SGP inhibited the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, but GP inhibited both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation. Hence, ginger polysaccharides might be used as anticoagulants and therapeutic reagents for thrombosis.

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“…Clinical advantages of Chinese medicines for the treatment of liver injury have been increasingly recognized and paid more attention by domestic and foreign experts [7]. weak toxic side effects, and high safety, so that they have been widely used in clinic [14][15][16]. The research on activities of RAM polysaccharide primarily focuses on its improvement of the immune system and myocardial protection activities, but there is less related report now to the best of our knowledge [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of a polysaccharide from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae on acute liver injury in mice

Han

Gao

Wang³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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A homogeneous polysaccharide was isolated and purified from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAM) and named PRAM2. Its average molecular weight was 19.6×10(3)Da and it was composed of rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, glucose, mannose and galactose in a ratio of 1: 1.3: 1.5: 1.8: 2.1: 3.2. In vitro experiments confirmed that PRAM2 presented an obvious effect to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) (DPPH), superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical. In vivo experiments confirmed that PRAM2 could reduce the liver weight, liver index, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in the serum; meanwhile, PRAM2 could significantly reduce nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and nitric oxide (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents in the liver tissues, and increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. These results suggest that PRAM2 has a significant in vitro antioxidant activity and a protective effect on CCl4-induced liver injury in mice; the protective effect may be related to its anti-oxidation, its inhibition of NOS activity and NO level and its reduction of the production of free radicals.

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Sulfated modification can enhance antiviral activities of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vitro

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Possesses an Antiviral Activity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Possesses an Antiviral Activity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Sulfation, structural analysis, and anticoagulant bioactivity of ginger polysaccharides

Protective effect of a polysaccharide from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae on acute liver injury in mice

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