Superconducting generators for wind turbines: Design considerations

Mijatović, Nenad; Abrahamsen, Asger Bech; Træholt, Chresten; Seiler, E; Henriksen, M.; Rodriguez-Zermeno, Victor M.; Pedersen, Niels Falsig

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/234/3/032038

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It containsthe HTS coils, current leads, support structures, an intermediate temperature radiation shield, a multi-layer insu-lationand a cryocooler. The cryostat thickness is estimated to be about 500 mm in the 50-80 K range, and about 100 mm in the 20-50 K range [18].…”

Section: Essential Requirements For Alarge-scale Hts Wind Power Gene...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for HTS wind power generators

Sung

Park

et al. 2016

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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YBCO or REBCO coated conductor (2G) materials are developed for their superior performance at high magnetic field and temperature. Power system applications based on high temperature superconducting (HTS) 2G wire technology are attracting attention, including large-scale wind power generators. In particular, to solve problems associated with the foundations and mechanical structure of offshore wind turbines, due to the large diameter and heavy weight of the generator, an HTS generator is suggested as one of the key technologies. Many researchers have tried to develop feasible large-scale HTS wind power generator technologies. In this paper, a study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for large-scale wind power generators is discussed. A 12 MW class large-scale wind turbine and an HTS generator are designed using 2G HTS wire. The total length of the 2G HTS wire for the 12 MW HTS generator is estimated, and the essential prerequisites of the 2G HTS wire based generator are described. The magnetic field distributions of a pole module are illustrated, and the mechanical stress and strain of the pole module are analysed. Finally, a reasonable price for 2G HTS wire for commercialization of the HTS generator is suggested, reflecting the results of electromagnetic and mechanical analyses of the generator.

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Section: Essential Requirements For Alarge-scale Hts Wind Power Gene...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for HTS wind power generators

Sung

Park

et al. 2016

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…This increased 'power per tower' leads ultimately to a reduction of the overall cost associated with the construction, installation and maintenance of offshore wind towers [3,4]. Therefore, as wind power is expected to play a major role as one of the main renewable sources of energy in this decade, it is not surprising that various R&D projects on the design and operation of superconducting generators as well as the development and characterization of wires for wind power applications have been and are being conducted worldwide considering the advantages that can be gained by such technology over conventional ones [5][6][7][8][9]. In Europe, the European Wind Energy Association has already foreseen a need ranging from 165.6 GW-217 GW of running wind power by 2020 to make up for reducing human dependence on conventional power generation and the constant increase of energy demand [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of hysteretic losses for MgB₂tapes under the operating conditions of a generator

Vargas-Llanos

Zermeño

Sanz

et al. 2016

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Hysteretic losses in MgB 2 wound superconducting coils of a 500 kW synchronous hybrid generator were estimated as part of the European project SUPRAPOWER led by the Spanish company Tecnalia Research and Innovation. Particular interest was given to the losses found in tapes in the superconducting rotor caused by the magnetic flux ripples originating from the conventional stator during nominal operation. To compute the losses, a 2D Finite Element Method was applied to solve the H-formulation of Maxwell's equations considering the nonlinear properties of both the superconducting material and its surrounding Ni matrix. To be able to model all the different turns composing the winding of the superconducting rotor coils, three geometrical models of single tape cross section of decreasing complexity were studied: 1) the first model reproduced closely the actual cross section obtained from micrographs, 2) the second model was obtained from the computed elastoplastic deformation of a round Ni wire, 3) the last model was based on a simplified elliptic cross section. The last geometry allowed validating the modeling technique by comparing numerical losses with results from well-established analytical expressions. Additionally, the following cases of filament transpositions were studied: no, partial and full transposition. Finally, choosing the right level of geometrical details to predict the expected behavior of individual superconducting tapes in the rotor, the following operational regimes were studied: Bias-DC current, ramping current under ramping background field, and magnetic flux ripples under DC background current and field.

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“…al. 10 Some computer modelling work, analysing of losses caused by ripple fields, was presented in 1-3 . Other papers describe AC losses of HTS tapes or coils measured under certain kinds of external magnetic fields by electrical methods [21][22][23] , which is possible, though there are always certain field limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Losses of 2G HTS Coils Measured in External Magnetic DC and Ripple Fields

Chudý

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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Power losses are an important phenomenon in 2 nd type superconductors. Precise evaluation of power losses in superconducting coils is crucial for the design of novel machines such as superconducting motors or generators. Although AC losses are relatively easy to measure with electrical methods, it is more difficult to measure power losses in the DC mode, induced by varying external magnetic fields, such as occur in a real operating environment. Especially the problematic one could be the direct-drive wind generator, where several elements introduce nonsynchronous disturbances to the magnetic fields. Modelling had been carried out by numerous authors 1-4 in order to estimate the power losses in 2G HTS coils under various external DC or ripple fields; however experimental work in the area is less common due to the difficulty of conducting experiments and special equipment requirements. In this paper, power losses are experimentally measured by the calorimetric method.

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Superconducting generators for wind turbines: Design considerations

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

A study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for HTS wind power generators

A study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for HTS wind power generators

Estimation of hysteretic losses for MgB₂tapes under the operating conditions of a generator

Power Losses of 2G HTS Coils Measured in External Magnetic DC and Ripple Fields

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Superconducting generators for wind turbines: Design considerations

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

A study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for HTS wind power generators

A study on the required performance of a 2G HTS wire for HTS wind power generators

Estimation of hysteretic losses for MgB2tapes under the operating conditions of a generator

Power Losses of 2G HTS Coils Measured in External Magnetic DC and Ripple Fields

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Product

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Estimation of hysteretic losses for MgB₂tapes under the operating conditions of a generator