For the performance test of photovoltaic (PV) generation systems, actual system apparatuses: a solar panel, converter system, and load facilities should be installed. It is also hardly possible to compare a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control scheme with others under the same weather and load conditions in an actual PV generation system. One of the possible alternatives is to realize a transient simulation scheme for PV generation systems under real weather conditions of insolation and surface temperature of solar cell. The authors propose a novel real-time simulation method for PV generation systems under real weather conditions using a real-time digital simulator (RTDS). -curves of a real PV panel are tested using electric load device, and a hypothetical network of the tested PV panel is created on the RTDS by arranging electrical components from the customized component model libraries. The real weather conditions, insolation, and temperature of the PV panel, are interfaced through the analog input ports of the RTDS for real-time simulation. The outcomes of the simulation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed simulation technique, and also show that cost-effective verification of availability and stability of PV generation systems is possible using the built-in simulator.
HTS synchronous generators, in which the rotor coils are wound from high-T c superconducting wire, are exciting attention due to their potential to deliver very high torque and power densities. However, injection of the large DC currents required by the HTS rotor coils presents a technical challenge. In this paper we discuss the development of a brushless HTS exciter which operates across the cryostat wall to inject a superconducting DC current into the rotor coil circuit. This approach fundamentally alters the thermal load upon the cryogenic system by removing the need for thermally inefficient normal-conducting current leads. We report results from an experimental laboratory device and show that it operates as a constant voltage source with an effective internal resistance. We then discuss the design of a prototype HTS-PM exciter based on our experimental device, and describe its integration with a demonstration HTS generator. This 200 RPM, 10 kW synchronous generator comprises eight double pancake HTS rotor coils which are operated at 30 K, and are energised to 1.5 T field through the injection of 85 A per pole. We show how this excitation can be achieved using an HTS-PM exciter consisting of 12 stator poles of 12 mm YBCO coated-conductor wire and an external permanent magnet rotor. We demonstrate that such an exciter can excite the rotor windings of this generator without forming a thermal-bridge across the cryostat wall. Finally, we provide estimates of the thermal load imposed by our prototype HTS-PM exciter on the rotor cryostat. We show that duty cycle operation of the device ensures that this heat load can be minimised, and that it is substantially lower than that of equivalently-rated conventional current leads.
This paper proposes a fuzzy-logic-controlled superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) scheme for the stabilization of grid-connected wind-generator systems. The control scheme of SMES is based on a sinusoidal pulsewidth-modulation voltage-source converter and a two-quadrant dc-dc chopper using an insulated-gate bipolar transistor. A comparative study is carried out between the proposed fuzzy-logic-controlled SMES and the fuzzy-logic-based pitch controller to improve the windgenerator stability. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed fuzzy-logic-controlled SMES is better than that of the fuzzy-logic-based pitch controller in order to stabilize the wind generator.Index Terms-Fuzzy-logic controller, pitch controller, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), unsuccessful reclosing, voltage-source converter (VSC), wind-generator stability.
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