Suppression of Pythium root rot in bulbous Iris in relation to biomass and activity of the soil microflora

Os, G.J. van; Ginkel, J.H. van

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00053-0

Cited by 63 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other studies have also contended that competition for nutrients cannot fully explain the extent of soil fungistasis, invoking microbial community composition to partially explain differences in fungistasis levels (15,20,22,42). However, no attempts were made to monitor changes within the microbial community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community Composition Affects Soil Fungistasis

Boer

Verheggen

Gunnewiek

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

145

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Most soils inhibit fungal germination and growth to a certain extent, a phenomenon known as soil fungistasis. Previous observations have implicated microorganisms as the causal agents of fungistasis, with their action mediated either by available carbon limitation (nutrient deprivation hypothesis) or production of antifungal compounds (antibiosis hypothesis). To obtain evidence for either of these hypotheses, we measured soil respiration and microbial numbers (as indicators of nutrient stress) and bacterial community composition (as an indicator of potential differences in the composition of antifungal components) during the development of fungistasis. This was done for two fungistatic dune soils in which fungistasis was initially fully or partly relieved by partial sterilization treatment or nutrient addition. Fungistasis development was measured as restriction of the ability of the fungi Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Trichoderma harzianum to colonize soils. Fungistasis did not always reappear after soil treatments despite intense competition for carbon, suggesting that microbial community composition is important in the development of fungistasis. Both microbial community analysis and in vitro antagonism tests indicated that the presence of pseudomonads might be essential for the development of fungistasis. Overall, the results lend support to the antibiosis hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community Composition Affects Soil Fungistasis

Boer

Verheggen

Gunnewiek

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

145

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“…pressiveness has been correlated with quantitative and qualitative changes in soil microbiota, including increases in microbial biomass (30,31) and microbial diversity (23,32) and changes on microbial community composition (33,34). Many studies have focused only on phylogenetic traits, but microbial activity and functional diversity might be as important as phylogenetic traits when studying disease suppression (24,27).…”

Section: Organic Amendments Induce Suppressivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors have correlated the suppression of certain plant diseases with organic parameters related to physicochemical properties (28,29), microbial biomass (30,31), microbial diversity (23,32), microbial community composition (33,34), microbial overall activity (30,35), metabolic and enzymatic profiles (34,36), and particular enzymatic activities (37,38). Even if certain of these parameters are better predictors than others, none is universally related to disease suppression, and their correlation with suppressiveness is largely dependent on the pathosystem, the type of amendment used, and the environmental conditions (26,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Organic Amendments to Avocado Crops Induce Suppressiveness and Influence the Composition and Activity of Soil Microbial Communities

Bonilla

Vida

Martínez-Alonso

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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One of the main avocado diseases in southern Spain is white root rot caused by the fungus Rosellinia necatrix Prill. The use of organic soil amendments to enhance the suppressiveness of natural soil is an inviting approach that has successfully controlled other soilborne pathogens. This study tested the suppressive capacity of different organic amendments against R. necatrix and analyzed their effects on soil microbial communities and enzymatic activities. Two-year-old avocado trees were grown in soil treated with composted organic amendments and then used for inoculation assays. All of the organic treatments reduced disease development in comparison to unamended control soil, especially yard waste (YW) and almond shells (AS). The YW had a strong effect on microbial communities in bulk soil and produced larger population levels and diversity, higher hydrolytic activity and strong changes in the bacterial community composition of bulk soil, suggesting a mechanism of general suppression. Amendment with AS induced more subtle changes in bacterial community composition and specific enzymatic activities, with the strongest effects observed in the rhizosphere. Even if the effect was not strong, the changes caused by AS in bulk soil microbiota were related to the direct inhibition of R. necatrix by this amendment, most likely being connected to specific populations able to recolonize conducive soil after pasteurization. All of the organic amendments assayed in this study were able to suppress white root rot, although their suppressiveness appears to be mediated differentially.

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“…A atividade da enzima desidrogenase foi estimada de acordo com a metodologia descrita por Van Os & Ginkel (2001). Seis amostras de solo (5g) de cada sistema de manejo foram utilizadas no ensaio, sendo três com adição do reagente e três sem adição (controle).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Parâmetros químicos e biológicos indicadores de qualidade de solo sob cultivo de braquiárias e soja no oeste paulista

Pavanelli

Araújo

2010

Rev. Ceres

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RESUMO Chemical and biological parameters as quality indicators of soil under pasture and soybean in western São PauloBiological and chemical parameters have been used as indicators in soil quality evaluation. This work aimed to analyze and correlate biological and fertility parameters in soils from two cropping systems in western São Paulo. Samples from soils under pasture and soybean were collected in seven cities of the region, in 2006, to evaluated fertility, soybean nodulation, activity of dehydrogenase and phosphatase enzymes, and concentration of thermoresistant bacteria. Most evaluated sites showed low soil fertility. Nodulation occurred in all evaluated soils, however it was higher in localities with predominance of claysoils. Soybean growth was satisfactory in all localities. Soli management under soybean did not contributed for significant increments in the evaluated biological indicators, but some sites showed increase in soil fertility. Dehidrogenase activity showed positive and closed correlation with most fertility parameters and may be a good biological indicator of soil fertility. Parâmetros químicos e biológicos indicadores de qualidade de solo sob cultivo de braquiárias e soja no oeste paulista Na avaliação da qualidade de solo têm-se buscado diferentes parâmetros químicos e biológicos que possam ser utilizados como indicadores. Nesse sentido, este trabalho avaliou e correlacionou parâmetros biológicos e de fertilidade em solos provenientes de dois sistemas de cultivo empregados na região Oeste de São Paulo, buscando selecionar indicadores químicos e biológicos de qualidade. Amostras de solos (latossolos e argissolos) de áreas sob cultivo de pastagens (braquiárias) e de cultivo de soja foram coletadas em sete municípios da região, em 2006, sendo avaliadas quanto à fertilidade, nodulação de soja, atividade das enzimas desidrogenase e fosfatase e densidade populacional de bactérias termorresistentes. A maioria dos solos avaliados apresentou baixa fertilidade. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que a nodulação ocorreu em todos os solos avaliados, porém foi maior nos locais com predominância de Argissolos. O crescimento de soja foi satisfatório em todos os locais. O manejo do solo sob soja não teve efeito significativo sobre os indicadores biológicos avaliados, mas em alguns locais houve melhoria do padrão de fertilidade. A atividade da enzima desidrogenase apresentou correlação positiva com a maioria dos indicadores de fertilidade avaliados, demonstrando que essa enzima é um bom indicador de qualidade para a avaliação desses solos. Palavras-chave:Fertilidade do solo, fosfatase, desidrogenase, nodulação, qualidade de solo.

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Suppression of Pythium root rot in bulbous Iris in relation to biomass and activity of the soil microflora

Cited by 63 publications

References 26 publications

Microbial Community Composition Affects Soil Fungistasis

Microbial Community Composition Affects Soil Fungistasis

Organic Amendments to Avocado Crops Induce Suppressiveness and Influence the Composition and Activity of Soil Microbial Communities

Parâmetros químicos e biológicos indicadores de qualidade de solo sob cultivo de braquiárias e soja no oeste paulista

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