Synthesis and Functional Studies of a Membrane-Bound THF-Gramicidin Cation Channel

Recent synthetic ion channels and pores

“…89 Peptide 36 with hydrophobic caps (and, more labile, also uncapped peptide 37) exhibits two rather than one levels of, compared to gramicidin, reduced conductance (g¼15.4/19.7 pS in 1 M KCl) and lifetime (up to 15 s). The Eisenman I selectivity (…”

“…Synthetic ion channels and pores formed by ionophoric(85,86), 'smart'(88,89) and cationic(90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100)(101)(102)(103)(104)(105) polymers of interest as antibiotics(90 -105) and for drug delivery with triggered endosomal escape(88,89).…”

Sugar Amino Acids and Their Uses in Designing Bioactive Molecules

“…Synthesis of furanoid α-amino acid 36 was undertaken as part of the total synthesis of polyoxin molecules [73]. The didehydro furanoid sugar amino acids have been prepared by us (enantiomer of 37, with R = H) [61] and also by Koert et al (37 and 38 with R = Me) [74,75]. Four diastereomeric β-amino acid precursors 39-42 have been synthesized by Fleet [76].…”

“…Many of such assemblies are based on amide-linked oligomers to mimic natural biopolymers [44,45,50,54,56,62,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][77][78][79][80][81][82]. Some of these sugar amino acids have also been used as dipeptide isosteres in peptidomimetic studies where their rigid scaffolds, on insertion into the chosen sites of peptide backbone, induced interesting secondary structures and useful properties [41][42][43]46,55,57,59,60,61,63,74,75].…”

“…6) by X-ray and NMR studies. Recently, Koert et al have also synthesized a functional cation channel 64 with a biomimetic channel entrance and exit where oligomer of cis didehydro Saa 38 is incorporated in the design [75]. The ability of 64 to function as channel was studied using conductance measurements on synthetic lipid bilayers.…”