Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Acute Infectious Diseases

Abstract

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC), also defined as "stress cardiomyopathy," is characterized by a systolic dysfunction localized in the apical and medial left ventricles. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is more prevalent in females and it is usually related to an event triggered by physical or emotional stress. We systematically explored PubMed and Embase medical information source to identify case reports showing association between infection and TTC. For each kind of infection, we collected a set of data, including pathogen, site of infection, clinical outcome, patient age and sex, and author and year of publication. We found 26 articles dealing with 27 case reports (74% women). The mean age was 61.4 ± 13.7 years and bacterial infections were more frequent (n = 23, 85.2%). In 14 cases, there was a culture-based definition of the bacterial strain: gram+ in 8 cases (57.1%) and gram- in 6 cases (42.9%). Clinical outcome was always favorable.

Infection-related stress phenomenon induced takotsubo cardiomyopathy mimicking ST elevation myocardial infarction

“…De Giorgi et al, 10 in a minireview of 27 reported cases related to acute infection-induced TTC, found female predominance of the disease (74%, which is compatible to data from previous studies), with bacterial infections being the most frequent cause (23 of 27 cases, 85.2%). The outcomes were favorable in all 27 cases, and patients were discharged after a few days of treatment.…”

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy after Systemic Consolidation Therapy with High-Dose Intravenous Cytarabine in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

“…Cardiogenic shock due to TC is a rare but severe complication in patients with hematological malignancies during chemotherapy [9]. Sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response caused by severe infection are known as a potential mechanism for TC [20,21]. There might be an association between the severe sepsis and the reduction of the LVF.…”

Heart broken by a mosquito; an unusual case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (RCD code: III‐5B)

“…Angiography, in most patients shows mild, non-obstructive coronary lesions (<50% luminal diameter stenosis) [1,2]. Although, the prognosis is generally favourable, with an almost complete recovery seen in 96% of patients [1,5,6], there is still a risk of complications including cardiogenic shock (15-20%), pulmonary oedema (20%), ventricular tachycardia (4%) and death (1-2%) [4,6]. The precise aetiology and pathophysiology of this syndrome remains unknown [1].…”

“…It is associated with a minimal release of myocardial enzymes in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) [1]. The prognosis of this syndrome is generally favorable, with almost complete recovery seen in 96% of patients [1,5,6]. In TTS both emotional and physical triggers were reported.…”