“…Instrumental innovations over the last decade alongside the increasing availability of open science tools and databases, has enabled the development of techniques that allow scientists to characterize chemical space to an extent that was previously onerous. Improvements in the mass accuracy, mass spectral acquisition speed, mass resolving power, sensitivity of HRMS instruments, and resolution of different chromatographic techniques enabled the detection of bioaccumulative chemicals in bivalves (Goto et al, 2020), fish and reptiles (Teehan et al, 2022;Renaguli et al, 2021), and marine mammals. (Hoh et al, 2012;Alonso et al, 2017;Cossaboon et al, 2019;Cariou et al, 2021) Using these capabilities, the mass spectrometry community have improved our ability to translate mass-to-charge data into chemical information including unambiguous chemical formula assignments and structural annotation elucidation.…”