Targeting the gut microbiota for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Herndon, Charles; Wang, Yen‐Po; Lu, Ching Liang

doi:10.1002/kjm2.12154

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…Gut dysbiosis is considered as a one of the focal determinants in IBS etiopathogenesis [ 23 ]. Microbial populations, such as Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium , and Faecalibacterium , are significantly depleted in IBS patients, with a profound influence on their health [ 24 ]. Lactobacillus is essential for elevating the mucin production in the intestinal lining, which in turn prevents the adherence of pathogenic microbes, such as bacteria ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Helicobacter pylori ), parasites ( Entamoeba histolytica ), and fungi ( Candida albicans ) [ 25 ].…”

Section: Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Gut Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Depression, and Neurodegeneration: A Bidirectional Communication from Gut to Brain

et al. 2021

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Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are increasingly presenting with a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as deterioration in gastroenteric physiology, including visceral hypersensitivity, altered intestinal membrane permeability, and gastrointestinal motor dysfunction. Functional imaging of IBS patients has revealed several abnormalities in various brain regions, such as significant activation of amygdala, thinning of insular and anterior cingulate cortex, and increase in hypothalamic gray matter, which results in poor psychiatric and cognitive outcomes. Interrelations between the enteric and central events in IBS-related gastrointestinal, neurological, and psychiatric pathologies have compelled researchers to study the gut−brain axis—a bidirectional communication that maintains the homeostasis of the gastrointestinal and central nervous system with gut microbiota as the protagonist. Thus, it can be disrupted by any alteration owing to the gut dysbiosis or loss of diversity in microbial composition. Available evidence indicates that the use of probiotics as a part of a balanced diet is effective in the management of IBS and IBS-associated neurodegenerative and psychiatric comorbidities. In this review, we delineate the pathogenesis and complications of IBS from gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric standpoints while also discussing the neurodegenerative events in enteric and central nervous systems of IBS patients and the therapeutic potential of gut microbiota-based therapy established on clinical and preclinical data.

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Section: Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Gut Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Depression, and Neurodegeneration: A Bidirectional Communication from Gut to Brain

et al. 2021

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“…According to the Rome III criteria, the global prevalence of IBS ranges from 1.1 to 29.2 percent and shows a female predominance [12]. More than one mechanism contributes to the development of IBS [13]. It's known clearly that dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, maladjustment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), increased pain sensitivity, imbalanced gut microbial population, and altered enteric physiology participate in the pathophysiology of IBS [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines in the colon, central nervous system and serum of irritable bowel syndrome rats

et al. 2021

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Objective The aim of this study was to detect the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the colonic tissue and serum of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) rats, as well as the distribution and expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the spinal cord and brain of the visceral hypersensitivity rats, thus to ascertain the mechanism of visceral hypersensitivity signal conduction pathway. Methods The expression of IL-1β and TGF-β1 in the colonic tissue and serum of IBS rats was screened by the liquid chip technology and verified by RT-PCR technology. Then the quantitative analysis of CRF in the spinal cord and brain was achieved by the immunohistochemical method and computerized image system. Result The rat model with visceral hypersensitivity was successfully established. Among the screened indicators of IL-1β and TGF-β1 in colon tissue and serum, only the expression of IL-1β in the model group was up-regulated (P < 0.05). The immunohistochemical method showed that CRF was expressed in the spinal cord, hypothalamus, and the third ventricle. The positive index number of the model groups was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion From the research, it can be inferred that IL-1β may participate in the pathogenesis mechanism of IBS via regulating the colon function. The increasing expression of CRF linked to stress in the spinal cord, hypothalamus and the third ventricle indicated that it might play an important role in the mechanisms of visceral hypersensitivity signal conduction pathway.

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“…IBS is currently the most common functional gastrointestinal disease. It is mainly characterized by abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort accompanied by bowel habits, and/or abnormal stool characteristics (10). The pathogenesis of the disease is complicated, the etiology is not clear, and there are no objective diagnostic criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and irritable bowel syndrome and the prognosis of treatment

Yu¹,

Li²,

Xiang³

et al. 2021

Ann Palliat Med

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Background:The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the prognosis of treatment.Methods: A total of127 IBS patients (IBS group) were selected, and based on the results of the methane/ hydrogen breath test, they were divided into SIBO-positive group (subdivided into the antibiotic group, microecological group, and placebo group according to difference in treatment methods) and the SIBOnegative group. The incidence of SIBO and inflammatory factors in different populations were compared. Moreover, differences in the negative conversion rate of intestinal bacterial overgrowth, symptom improvement, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10 levels in the antibiotic group, microecological group, and placebo group before and after treatment were compared. Results:The IL-1β level of the IBS group was higher than that of the control group, but the level of IL-10 was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The level of IL-1β in the SIBO-positive group was higher than that in the SIBO-negative group, while IL-10 level was lower in the SIBO-positive group compared with the SIBO-negative group (P<0.05). Symptom scores after treatment in the antibiotic group and the microecological group were lower than those in the same groups before treatment and those in the placebo group after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, the level of IL-1β in the antibiotic group and the microecological group decreased, whereas the level of IL-10 increased (P<0.05). Furthermore, the total clinical effective rate and negative conversion rate of the antibiotic group and the microecological group were higher than those of the placebo group (P<0.05); however, the comparison of symptom scores, inflammatory factors, and total clinical effective rate before and after treatment in the placebo group was not statistically significant (P<0.05). The symptom score after treatment in the negative conversion group was lower than that in the non-negative conversion group (P<0.05).Conclusions: SIBO plays an important role in the occurrence of IBS. Antibiotics and microecological agents can be used to correct SIBO in clinical practice to improve the symptoms of IBS patients and peripheral blood inflammatory factors.

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Targeting the gut microbiota for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Cited by 41 publications

References 99 publications

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Depression, and Neurodegeneration: A Bidirectional Communication from Gut to Brain

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Depression, and Neurodegeneration: A Bidirectional Communication from Gut to Brain

Cytokines in the colon, central nervous system and serum of irritable bowel syndrome rats

Correlation between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and irritable bowel syndrome and the prognosis of treatment

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