Termitomyces heimii Associated with Fungus-Growing Termite Produces Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes

Yang, Guiying; Ahmad, Farhan; Liang, Shiyou; Fouad, Hatem; Guo, Meixia; Ga’al, Hassan; Mo, Jianchu

doi:10.1007/s12010-020-03376-w

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“… Heatmap of assigned volatiles detected from comb, nodules, and soil from termite mounds (signal intensities based on averaged peak area [ n = 3] per g of sample) and axenic Termitomyces sp. strain T153 and J132 cultures (footnote a, others, combined results from literature reported volatile studies; see references 17 , 18 , and 23 ). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to bacteria ( 9 ), fungi are known to emit a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including alcohols, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, and terpenes that contribute to their characteristic odor ( 10 , 11 ) and can be linked to their phylogenetic placement, sexual life cycle ( 12 , 13 ), and parasitic, saprophytic, or symbiotic lifestyles ( 14 – 16 ). Only recently, first reports on the volatilome of Termitomyces heimii ( 17 ) and Termitomyces sp. strain J132 ( 18 , 19 ) hinted toward the enormous capacity of Termitomyces species to produce a diverse set of volatiles, including terpenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Termitomyces Species Provides Insights into the Terpenome of the Fungal Cultivar and the Characteristic Odor of the Fungus Garden of Macrotermes natalensis Termites

et al. 2022

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The symbiosis between macrotermitinae termites and Termitomyces is obligate for both partners and is one of the most important contributors to biomass conversion in the Old World tropic’s ecosystems. To date, research efforts have dominantly focused on acquiring a better understanding of the degradative capabilities of Termitomyces to sustain the obligate nutritional symbiosis, but our knowledge of the small-molecule repertoire of the fungal cultivar mediating interspecies and interkingdom interactions has remained fragmented.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Termitomyces Species Provides Insights into the Terpenome of the Fungal Cultivar and the Characteristic Odor of the Fungus Garden of Macrotermes natalensis Termites

et al. 2022

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“…Study of Zeleke et al [35] reveals that extracts of termite comb (Macrotermitinae) showed strong xylanase activity (8.28U g -1 ) with no cellulose activity. Gomathi et al [36] recorded a maximum cellulase and xylanase activity of 10.27 µmol of glucose released/min/mg protein and 9.87µmol of xylose released/ min/ mg protein respectively at 12 th day after inoculation. Yang et al [37] recorded β-Glucosidase activity of Termitomyces ranges from 1.025 to 1.516 (U/L).…”

Section: Quantitative Estimation Of Lignolytic Enzymes Of Fungal Isolate Tmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…produces ligninolytic enzymes i.e. cellobiose dehydrogenase, xylanase and other lignocellulosic enzymes exudated by the fungus [29,35,36]. Reason behind dye decoloration might be due to the enzymatic degradation and Congo red degraded products might be adsorbed with the cell wall material of fungus.…”

Section: Termitomycesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decolorisation of Azo Dye Congo Red (CR) by Termitomyces sp. Biomass

Jackson

Gomathi

2021

IJECC

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Aims: A study was conducted to evaluate decoloration of azo dye, Congo Red (CR) using fungal hyphal mat of beneficial bacidiomycete Termitomyces sp. TMS7 (MW694830) as bio sorbent material. Study design: Completely randomized block design (CRD). Place and duration of study: Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, between September 2019 and January 2020. Methodology: Isolation of white rot fungus from basidiocarb was done and screened based on their ligninolytic enzyme activity and Isolate TMS 7 was selected as best isolate and identified through ITS 1 and ITS 4 primers. Efficiency of fungal biomass to decolorize Congo red was assessed and per cent decoloration and kinetics were calculated. Results: Twelve fungal isolates were obtained and Isolate TMS 7 was selected as best isolate based on enzymatic activity. TMS 7 was identified as Termitomyces sp. using ITS 1 and ITS 4 primer. Ligninolytic enzymes i.e. cellulase (9.97 µ mol of glucose released/min/mg protein), and xylanase (9.55 µ mol of xylose released/min/mg protein) were quantified from the crude fungal extract of TMS 7, which was higher than standard (Termitomyces albuminosus -MTCC 1366). Decolorisation efficiency of termitomyces fungal biomass (1 g/100 ml) against different concentration of congo red dye (50-250 mg/L) was assessed. About 100 % (99.9) degradation was recorded in the minimum dye concentration of 50 mg/L within 3 days and 8 % decoloration was achieved at the highest dye concentration (250 mg/L) within 5 days. Conclusion: Possible mechanism of degradation is the presence of lignolytic enzyme especially cellulase, xylanase in the culture filtrate and bio sorption of degraded product by the fungal cell wall components viz., chitin, glucan other complex polymers.

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“…Naturally, termites rely on gut microbiota, but some species of Macrotermitinae have also developed a highly specialized exosymbiotic relationship with fungal species of the genus Termitomyces (Fig. 2) (Poulsen et al ., 2014; Roberts et al ., 2016; Sapountzis et al ., 2016; da Costa et al ., 2019; Yang et al ., 2020). Both benefit from this mutualistic cooperation and coexistence.…”

Section: Association Of Termites With Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Multipartite symbioses in fungus‐growing termites (Blattodea: Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) for the degradation of lignocellulose

et al. 2020

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Fungus‐growing termites are among the most successful herbivorous animals and improve crop productivity and soil fertility. A range of symbiotic organisms can be found inside their nests. However, interactions of termites with these symbionts are poorly understood. This review provides detailed information on the role of multipartite symbioses (between termitophiles, termites, fungi, and bacteria) in fungus‐growing termites for lignocellulose degradation. The specific functions of each component in the symbiotic system are also discussed. Based on previous studies, we argue that the enzymatic contribution from the host, fungus, and bacteria greatly facilitates the decomposition of complex polysaccharide plant materials. The host–termitophile interaction protects the termite nest from natural enemies and maintains the stability of the microenvironment inside the colony.

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Termitomyces heimii Associated with Fungus-Growing Termite Produces Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Termitomyces Species Provides Insights into the Terpenome of the Fungal Cultivar and the Characteristic Odor of the Fungus Garden of Macrotermes natalensis Termites

Comparative Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Termitomyces Species Provides Insights into the Terpenome of the Fungal Cultivar and the Characteristic Odor of the Fungus Garden of Macrotermes natalensis Termites

Decolorisation of Azo Dye Congo Red (CR) by Termitomyces sp. Biomass

Multipartite symbioses in fungus‐growing termites (Blattodea: Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) for the degradation of lignocellulose

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