The declining rates of hepatitis B carriage among adolescents and young people in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia

Al-Jubran, Khalid M; Al-Dossary, Mohamed A.; Elsafi, Salah H.

doi:10.15537/smj.2016.8.14494

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The most common infectious cause for discarding blood was HBcAb positivity. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections (indicated by the HBsAg results) in different age groups in Saudi Arabia has decreased since introduction of the universal vaccination program in 1989, when the overall prevalence was 6.7% [24]. Despite the high rate of HBcAb positivity in our cohort, the prevalence of HBsAg positivity was only 0.2%, indicating a marked reduction in the incidence of HBV infection.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 61%

Blood utilization and quality indicators at a university hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

et al. 2022

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Background Blood transfusion is a common, essential procedure when treating many different medical and surgical conditions. Efficient utilization of blood bank facilities by frequent auditing is crucial; however, few studies have examined blood utilization in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to review the blood ordering patterns and transfusion practices, and blood bank audit effectiveness at a single center in Saudi Arabia and compare our results with those of a similar study performed in the same center 20 years ago. Materials and methods This study was a retrospective descriptive chart review of all healthy blood donors and recipients from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. We evaluated the crossmatching-to-transfusion ratio (C/T) as an indicator of blood bank utilization and compared the findings with those of the previous study. We also evaluated changes in blood bank utilization during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Results Findings from 27,414 donors (men, 94.9%; mean age, 32.2 + 9.6 years) showed a 71% increase in blood donations compared to that of 2000. The donations gradually increased over the years, peaking just before COVID-19 pandemic started in March 2020. For 3,836 patients, 13,324 units of blood were crossmatched (average, 3.47 crossmatch/patient), with 23% of the crossmatch requests from surgical departments. The average C/T ratio, transfusion index, and transfusion probability (T%) were 1.37, 2.55, and 73.2%, respectively. The C/T ratio decreased by 54% between 2000 and 2020. During the pandemic, crossmatching decreased by 26% between 2019 and 2020, but with comparable C/T ratio in 2019 (1.45) and 2020 (1.39). Conclusion Our hospital blood bank utilization improved over the past 20 years, showing increased donations, reduced C/T ratio, and increased T%. This improvement emphasizes the importance of blood donation campaigns, blood bank auditing, restrictive transfusion guidelines, and physician education.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 61%

Blood utilization and quality indicators at a university hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

et al. 2022

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“…WHO estimated in 2015 at approximately 257 million people suffering from a chronic form of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with close to 1.34 million deaths. This figure is comparable to deaths related to tuberculosis and greater than those caused by HIV / AIDS [ 2 ]. While sub-Saharan Africa and Western Pacific regions called high endemic regions are mostly affected by this epidemic, others like the United State, the Northern Europe, Australia and parts of Latin America present prevalence rates below 2.00% [ 1 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Hepatitis B infection remains a serious public health problem in several parts of the globe. It is the major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [ 1 , 2 ]. There is a continuous increase death rate due to this pathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B infection in the rural area of Dschang, Cameroon: seroprevalence and associated factors

Tadongfack¹,

Keubo²,

Bianke³

2020

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction viral hepatitis B remains a major public health problem around the world, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. Cameroon shows a grate variability in prevalence of this infection in the country and even within different populations groups. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with viral hepatitis B infection in the rural area of Dschang. Methods we conducted a cross-sectional community-based study, involving 551 participants of both genders recruited by a voluntary sampling technique. The biological diagnosis of HBsAg was done by the Immunochromatographic method (PKL® kit of PARAMEDICAL srl laboratories). Positive cases were confirmed by ELISA method (reagent Kit from DIALAB Laboratories). Results results show a Viral Hepatitis B prevalence of 5.08% (95% CI: 3.2-6.9). University students were the most infected (11/88) with a positivity rate of 12.50% (95%CI: 5.6-19.4). Only 29/551 participants (5.26%) had received at least one dose of vaccine against the disease and were less infected (3.44%) than the others (5.17%). Age (p=0.000), level of education (p=0.013), occupation (p = 0.002), belief in the traditional healing of hepatitis B (p=0.000) and knowledge about the disease and its contamination roads (p=0.049) were associated with viral hepatitis B. Conclusion there is a need of intensifying awareness, education, routine screening and vaccination of the population, especially in schools and university milieu to better counteract the infection with hepatitis B virus in our local Communities.

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“…In the countries where HBV vaccination was introduced sooner, long-term declining trends in the incidence of Hepatitis B in children, adolescents and young adults were observed sooner than in the other countries [ 5 , 20 , 21 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants

Stawińska-Witoszyńska

Kłos

Moryson

et al. 2021

Medicina

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Introduction: The World Health Assembly adopted the Global Health Strategy and aims to reduce the incidence of Hepatitis from up to 10 million cases per year to 0.9 million cases and to reduce deaths from 1.4 million to 0.5 million per year by 2030. However, given the prevalence of chronic Hepatitis B in many countries and the incidence of new cases of acute Hepatitis B, the task is not easy. This study investigates the trends and determinants of the incidence of acute Hepatitis B in Poland in 2005–2019. Materials and Methods: Data on the incidence of acute hepatitis B (AHBV) were obtained from the National Institute of Public Health. A case definition for AHBV was consistent with the EU definition. The incidence trends were determined by considering the sex, age and place of residence. Due to the exponential dependence model, the computations were based on the logarithm of the incidence rate. This allowed for the transformation to linear form and analysis could be conducted using linear models. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the linear trend of incidence in general and according to sex and place of residence. The values of incidence rates (independent proportions test) and the coefficients illustrating the trends under study were also compared among males and females as well as urban and rural residents. Results: The incidence of AHBV in the Polish population decreased with similar slopes in both sexes. The newly reported cases of AHBV were more frequent in the male population. The incidence of acute Hepatitis B in the urban population was significantly higher than in the rural population. The significant decreasing trends in incidence were observed in all age ranges, with the exception of two age ranges 0–4 and 10–14, where the total incidence during the whole study period was negligible. Conclusion: Despite the significant decrease in the incidence of AHBV in Poland and its position among the European countries with the lowest hepatitis B (HBV) incidence, the alarmingly high proportion of iatrogenic infections requires further improvement in the sanitary condition of health care facilities. It is also necessary to decrease the number of unvaccinated individuals.

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The declining rates of hepatitis B carriage among adolescents and young people in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Blood utilization and quality indicators at a university hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Blood utilization and quality indicators at a university hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Hepatitis B infection in the rural area of Dschang, Cameroon: seroprevalence and associated factors

Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants

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