The determinants of female activity rates in rural areas: an analysis of Norfolk parishes

Moseley, Malcolm J.; Darby, Jane

doi:10.1080/09595237800185251

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Nonetheless there are conclusions here that are important. In particular, in line with Moseley and Darby's (1978) observations, we find that rural areas that are more isolated from city influences have lower female activity rates in the sphere of paid-work. It is true that self-contained rural labour markets (along with cities) also had the lowest rate of male economic activity (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Exploring one aspect of this, Moseley and Darby (1978) employed statistical analysis to examine differences in women's involvement with paid-work in a selection of Norfolk parishes. They recorded a positive impact on activity rates for accessibility to jobs, yet this was statistically matched or surpassed by the strength of relationships with the percentage of parish populations aged 0-4 and 5-14, by the local (male) unemployment rate, and by the age distribution of women living in a parish.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ruralities and Gender Divisions of Labour in Eastern England

Henderson

Hoggart

2003

Sociologia Ruralis

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The literature has identified particular restrictions on the ability of women to obtain paid work in rural areas, with lack of job opportunities, lack of child care facilities, access problems and cultural expectations about a woman's role in rural society all bearing negatively on the ability to attain jobs for which women are qualified. This paper acknowledges these constraints but cautions against placing too much emphasis on them. Drawing on census data at the NUTS5 level, this paper examines the 1,184 NUTS5 zones (wards) in the East of England Region, comparing labour market contexts for cities, mid‐sized towns and rural areas, with rural zones distinguished by the nature of their linkages with cities and local arenas of employment. The paper shows that rural areas in general have rather similar labour market engagements for women as urban zones. Within rural areas there are differences that need noting, with places with weak integration into city‐centred economies standing apart from the rest in terms of lower rates of female labour market activity. Even here, however, relationships are not uniformly negative, with a general picture of rather slim differences between the area‐types under investigation. The main message of the paper is not to over‐emphasize the 'peculiarities' of 'rural' phenomena, which can bear heavy, if not dominant traces, of society‐wide processes, as well as revealing as important a level of distinction within rural zones as between them and urban areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

Ruralities and Gender Divisions of Labour in Eastern England

Henderson

Hoggart

2003

Sociologia Ruralis

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“…Two studies Rosenbaum 1991) have actually followed the same people to different areas and observed the outcomes. Studies using only areal data typically predict an ecological variable like "percent married women in the labor force" as a function of other ecological variables such as percent of women who are married, percent of women in different age categories, or percent of jobs in services (for example, Moseley and Darby 1978;McNabb 1977;Howe and O'Connor 1982).…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isserman and Rephann's (1993) analysis is based on U.S. counties. Moseley and Darby (1978) used parishes in Norfolk, U.K., as units of analysis in their ecological study of female labor force participation, but the smallest areal units for which they could obtain data defining employment opportunities was the entire employment exchange area (similar to the MSA in the United States) in which the parish was located. Stolzenberg and Waite (1984) measured access to employment opportunities at the county-group level and devised two measures of the "locational convenience" of jobs for working wives: (1) percentage of all employed persons in the county group whose jobs are located outside the county in which they reside, a measure that Stoltzenberg and Waite took as a "crude index of the average distance from home to work" (p. 166) (the smaller the percentage working outside the county group of residence, the greater the supposed locational convenience of jobs for women); and (2) percentage of employed persons in the county group who travel to work via public transportation (the smaller the percentage using public transportation, supposedly the more convenient the jobs).…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of Location on Women's Labor Market Outcomes: A Methodological Exploration

Hanson

Kominiak

Carlin

1997

Geographical Analysis

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One question that has intrigued geographers and other social scientists for decades is how location affects labor market outcomes (for example, labor force participation, occupational status, and wages). Many have observed that what someone ends up doing-whether or not a person even has a job, whether that job is full time or part time, the kind of work one does, how well paid the job is-depends on where that someone lives. However, assessing the impact of location on labor market outcomes is more difficult than making the observation that there seems to be a relationship.

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“…Not all women want a paid job. MOSELEY and DARBY (1978) distinguish between 'opportunity factors' and 'desire factors'. Desire factors arise from the social, cultural, and familial environment within which women live (MOSELEY and DARBY, 1978, 297).…”

Section: (Spatial) Determinants Of Female Labor-force Participationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unwilling or unable? spatial and socio-economic restrictions on females’ labour market access

Ham

Büchel

2006

Regional Studies

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Abstract:We analyse the effects of regional structures on both females' willingness to work and the probability of being employed for those willing to work. Special permission was granted to link regional data to individual respondents in the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). Results of a bivariate probit model correcting for sample selection show that high regional unemployment discourages women from entering the labor market. Those who are willing to work find it easier to do so if living in regions with low regional female unemployment rates, at a short distance from the next agglomeration, and -for motherswith a high density of childcare provision.

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The determinants of female activity rates in rural areas: an analysis of Norfolk parishes

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Ruralities and Gender Divisions of Labour in Eastern England

Ruralities and Gender Divisions of Labour in Eastern England

Assessing the Impact of Location on Women's Labor Market Outcomes: A Methodological Exploration

Unwilling or unable? spatial and socio-economic restrictions on females’ labour market access

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