The Effect of a Substrate Material on Composition Gradients of Fe-Ni Films obtained by Electrodeposition

Abstract

The electrodeposition of FeNi alloy films was performed galvanostatically in the sulfate solution (Fe 2+ / Ni 2+ mass ratio 1:2) in order investigate their co-deposition mechanism. The FeNi layers were deposited at variable substrates (copper, brass, silver) under the same chemical (electrolyte composition) and electric plating (current density value) conditions. After applying various time, substrates and external magnetic field orientation, the quality of the obtained film was examined. The surface morphology and crystallographic texture variation were investigated by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) and Laser Confocal Scanning Microscope (LCSM). The anomalous co-deposition of iron group metals is evidently dependent on the substrate.

Substrate controls photovoltage, photocurrent and carrier separation in nanostructured Bi2S3 films

“…This shows that the substrate does not affect Bi growth. 40 Compared to the previous literature, the lm coverage is more conformal, 41,42 although occasional pinholes (as can be seen in the SEM images) were observed for FTO and ITO which are attributed to substrate imperfections (Fig. S2 †).…”

Efficiency of Magnetostatic Protection Using Nanostructured Permalloy Shielding Coatings Depending on Their Microstructure

“…The iron content in the film decreases as a result of oxidation [ 42 , 43 ]. It was previously shown by many authors that during the deposition of binary and ternary alloys [ 44 , 45 , 46 ], a composition gradient is observed from the substrate to the coating surface (for the FeNi alloys, a decrease in the nickel content is observed). It is also known that iron is predominantly deposited on the irregularities and boundaries of the substrate and grains in electrodeposited alloys.…”

Giant Magnetoresistance of the Electrodeposited FeCoCu/Cu Multilayers: Metal Oxide Formation with NaOH in the Electrolyte

“…The separation of the layers is clearer in the dual bath, but the contamination and oxidation risk is higher than in the single bath during the transfer from one bath to another bath (or baths). In the single bath, the electrochemical deposition potentials determine the deposited metal or metals, and the dissolution or co-deposition can occur during the transition between the deposition potentials [9,19,20]. The higher potentials cause the dissolution, and the selection of the potentials can be optimized.…”