The effect of antifreeze additives on fresh concrete subjected to freezing and thawing cycles

Polat, Rıza

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2016.04.008

Cited by 71 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thus, strategies in early ages should be applied to avoid the damages in matrix under cold weathers [13,14]. To this end, a lot of studies were conducted to learn the Portland cement hydration under low temperatures [10,11,[15][16][17][18], even though there is still lack of understanding in depth to the low temperature effects on cement hydration and hardening characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portland Cement Hydration Behavior at Low Temperatures: Views from Calculation and Experimental Study

Liu

Jiao

Sha

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Environmental condition affects the property of construction materials. This study gives an initial understanding of Portland cement hydration under low temperatures from the views of laboratory experiments (including electrical resistivity, degree of hydration (DoH), and maturity) as well as thermodynamic calculation. The hydrates of Portland cement at the given period were detected with X-ray diffraction (XRD), and their microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Experiment result (i.e., DoH and electrical resistivity) indicated that the hydration of Portland cement was delayed by low temperature without hydration stopping at −5 ∘ C. Based on a basic kinetics model, the thermodynamic calculation predicted that the final hydrate differs in dependence on environmental temperatures. The mechanical behavior trend of Portland cement paste affected by low temperatures potentially is linked to the appearing of aluminate compounds and reduction of portlandite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portland Cement Hydration Behavior at Low Temperatures: Views from Calculation and Experimental Study

Liu

Jiao

Sha

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Conversely, the control specimens showed more anhydrate particles and delayed the hydration process at −10 • C. Polat (2016) studied two groups of concrete mixes containing a 6 wt% of calcium nitrate or 6 wt% of urea for their impact on frost durability. Both mixes contained a constant amount of 0.5 wt% of super plasticizer and, directly after casting, the specimens underwent freeze-thaw testing in the temperature range of +/−10 • C. The concrete with the calcium nitrate admixture reached a 28-day compressive strength value of 28.05 MPa, while the urea-based concrete specimens developed a compressive strength of only 18.32 MPa [2].…”

Section: Opc-based Concretesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydration rate is one of the main factors affecting the strength development of concrete. At lower temperatures its magnitude is reduced, and the setting time is elongated and the strength development is decreased by 20–40% [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. During freezing, when the temperature drops around or below −4 °C, the moisture migrates within the binder matrix and ice starts to form hindering hydration processes and phase conversions of ettringite to monosulfate, as seen in Figure 1 a [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ecological Concretes in a Cold Climate in Comparison to Standard Ordinary Portland Cement-Based Concrete

et al. 2020

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Most of the currently used concretes are based on ordinary Portland cement (OPC) which results in a high carbon dioxide footprint and thus has a negative environmental impact. Replacing OPCs, partially or fully by ecological binders, i.e., supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) or alternative binders, aims to decrease the carbon dioxide footprint. Both solutions introduced a number of technological problems, including their performance, when exposed to low, subfreezing temperatures during casting operations and the hardening stage. This review indicates that the present knowledge enables the production of OPC-based concretes at temperatures as low as −10 °C, without the need of any additional measures such as, e.g., heating. Conversely, composite cements containing SCMs or alkali-activated binders (AACs) showed mixed performances, ranging from inferior to superior in comparison with OPC. Most concretes based on composite cements require pre/post heat curing or only a short exposure to sub-zero temperatures. At the same time, certain alkali-activated systems performed very well even at −20 °C without the need for additional curing. Chemical admixtures developed for OPC do not always perform well in other binder systems. This review showed that there is only a limited knowledge on how chemical admixtures work in ecological concretes at low temperatures and how to accelerate the hydration rate of composite cements containing high amounts of SCMs or AACs, when these are cured at subfreezing temperatures.

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“…The incorporation of cold weather admixture systems (CWAS) in concrete to mitigate challenges of cold weather concreting has been introduced since 1950s. These systems can depress the freezing point of the mixing water, accelerate the cement hydration rate, and expedite concrete strength development (Polat, 2016;Karagol et al, 2013). However, their effects on the durability of concrete might be adverse by developing coarse/continuous pore structure.…”

Section: Fifth International Conference On Sustainable Construction Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of nano-modified concrete under freezing and low temperatures

Yasien¹,

Abayou²,

Bassuoni³

2019

Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies (SCMT)

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In this study four mixtures were prepared at a constant w/b of 0.32 with different combinations of general use cement, Class F fly ash and nano-silica sol, targeting applications in cold weather. All mixtures incorporated calcium nitrate-nitrite solution as an antifreeze admixture. The mixtures were mixed, cast and cured using two different regimes: a constant freezing temperature of-5ºC, and cyclic freezing-low temperatures (-5/5ºC), without heating or insulation during the curing period. The performance of mixtures was assessed by setting time, compressive strength and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests. In addition, scanning electron microscopy was performed to characterize the microstructure of concrete. The incorporation of nanosilica significantly enhanced the overall performance of concrete, even with fly ash, indicating its promising use for cold weather applications in late fall and early spring periods, without the need for conventional heating and insulation practices.

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The effect of antifreeze additives on fresh concrete subjected to freezing and thawing cycles

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Portland Cement Hydration Behavior at Low Temperatures: Views from Calculation and Experimental Study

Portland Cement Hydration Behavior at Low Temperatures: Views from Calculation and Experimental Study

A Review of the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ecological Concretes in a Cold Climate in Comparison to Standard Ordinary Portland Cement-Based Concrete

Performance of nano-modified concrete under freezing and low temperatures

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