The Effect of Microaerosolized Hydrogen Peroxide on Bacterial and Viral Poultry Pathogens

Abstract

The effect of microaerosolized H2O2 on bacterial and viral poultry pathogens was investigated. Bacterial cultures and viruses were dried on sterile glass Petri dishes and subjected to direct and indirect 5% (H2O2) microaerosol mist. In the trials using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, there was complete inactivation following exposure to H2O2. Using Salmonella typhimurium, indirect exposure resulted in only partial inactivation whereas direct exposure to H2O2 gave complete inactivation. For the viruses studied, 5% H2O2 microaerosol mist completely inactivated infectious laryngotracheitis virus. Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, and avian influenza virus showed reduced infectivity but were not completely inactivated. Avian reovirus susceptibility varied with the method of exposure and infectious bursal disease virus was highly resistant. The use of 10% H2O2 mist, however, resulted in total inactivation of infectious bursal disease virus. The effect of 10% H2O2 on equipment and selected materials representative of a hatcher or poultry house was investigated. A solar cell calculator, a thermostat containing a microswitch, and samples of uncoated steel, galvanized steel, and uncoated aluminum were subjected to 10 fumigation cycles. No damage was detected in the calculator and the thermostat. Both the uncoated steel and the galvanized steel showed signs of oxidation. The aluminum did not show signs of oxidation.

Pre-clinical development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated West Nile virus vaccine

“…We have previously reported on the H 2 O 2 -based inactivation approach for vaccine development and demonstrated rapid inactivation of multiple viruses[14, 15]. H 2 O 2 is a potent oxidizer utilized by neutrophils and other mammalian cells to inactivate intracellular/phagocytosed pathogens [38, 39] and has been shown in vitro to inactivate a broad range of microbes [40–42]. Oxidation by H 2 O 2 is believed to inactivate microbes by several mechanisms, including disruption of lipid membrane bilayers, oxidation of protein backbones and amino acid side chains, and oxidation of nucleosides [43, 44].…”

Development of a new hydrogen peroxide–based vaccine platform

“…The current commercial use of H 2 O 2 for sterilizing manufacturing equipment and the availability of assay kits for determining H 2 O 2 identity and potency (for example, the PeroXOquant kit from Thermo Scientific) add to the feasibility of using H 2 O 2 for vaccine production. Moreover, the ability of H 2 O 2 to inactivate a wide spectrum of pathogens, including viruses 32 , bacteria 32 , parasites 33 and potentially even bacterial spores 34 , may allow expansion into new areas of vaccine research, fulfilling previously unmet needs for combating a number of human pathogens.…”

Using the Systematic Review Methodology To Evaluate Factors That Influence the Persistence of Influenza Virus in Environmental Matrices

“…Of the 132 citations, 92 were excluded at the second relevance level after retrieving the articles, primarily due to a lack of environmental sampling or reporting only discovery and not persistence of the influenza virus. Other citations were excluded, as they reported virus stability in laboratory techniques (1,39,61,63), disinfection (15,23,54,62,86,103), persistence in eggs, meat, or carcasses (1,4,41,47,60,72), transmission rather than persistence (44,56,85), or only one sampling time (24,27,45,69,101).…”