The Effect of Saturated Fatty Acids on Cellulose Digestion by the Rumen Anaerobic Fungus, Neocallimatix frontalis C5-1

Ha, Jong K.; Lee, S. S.; Gao, Z.; Kim, C. H.; Kim, S. W.; Ko, J. Y.; Cheng, Kwai Wa

doi:10.5713/ajas.2001.941

Cited by 5 publications

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“…In current study, relatively higher specific supernatant xylanase activity were observed particularly when 0.01mg/ml essential oil, derived from thyme, was supplemented to culture medium of GMLF2 and these results could be explained with the fact that lower concentration of thyme essential oil induced the enzyme activity. Similar results were reported by Ha et al (2001) that lower saturated fatty acids had stimulatory effects on the cellulose digestion by Neocallimastix frontalis, although its higher concentrations inhibited the enzyme activity significantly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…For this procedure, three tubes were examined for each essential oil concentration treatment and process was repeated twice. To determine the possible effects of the ethanol (used to dissolve essential oils) on the survival of AGF, ethanol containing tubes (without essential oil supplementation) were also examined (Ha et al, 2001). …”

Section: Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were solubilized in ethyl alcohol according to Ha et al (2001) and added into medium under anaerobic conditions at 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1mg/ml final concentrations. Fungal cultures containing essential oils in various concentrations (stated above) were examined up to 6 days using inverted microscope (Soif XDS1B) for the survival of fungi (+: survived; -: not survived).…”

Section: Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esansiyel Yağların Eklenmesinin, Sığırlardan İzole Edilen Rumen Funguslarının Yaşama Oranları ve Lignoselülolitik Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkileri

Özköse

2017

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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Due to the ban on antibiotics and ionophores, which were used as feed supplements, scientists have become more interested in evaluating other alternatives to control the rumen fermentation. Plant essential oils might be alternative to that kind of supplements for farm animals. However, our knowledge about the possible effects of plant essential oils on survival rate and enzyme activity of anaerobic fungi (besides other rumen microbes) is still limited. Current study, therefore, aimed to determine the effects of plant essential oils on this unique group of rumen microorganisms. Effects of various dosages of myrtle (Myrtus communis), juniper (Juniperus communis), melissa (Melissa officinalis) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) plant essential oil, which have antimicrobial properties, were investigated on survival rate and enzyme activity of Neocallimastix sp. GMLF2 and Orpinomyces sp. GMLF18. Accordingly, plant essential oils were dissolved in ethyl alcohol and added into medium. Fungal growth (Neocallimastix sp. GMLF2 and Orpinomyces sp. GMLF18) was completely inhibited in the 1 mg/ml essential oil concentration of culture medium. Furthermore carboxymethylcellulase and xylanase activities were decreased remarkably when 0.5 mg/ml concentration of essential oil was added into culture media regardless of type of the oil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esansiyel Yağların Eklenmesinin, Sığırlardan İzole Edilen Rumen Funguslarının Yaşama Oranları ve Lignoselülolitik Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkileri

Özköse

2017

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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“…Tests conducted on the cellulase complex of the aerobic ascomycetes fungus Neurospora crassa showed that the surfactant Tween 80 was effective in stimulating the induction and secretion of enzymes (Yazdi et al, 1990). Yazdi et al (1990) have demonstrated that the secretion of several cellulolytic enzymes from N. crassa is intimately linked to membrane lipid composition, and the increased release of these enzymes can be explained by effects on membrane fluidity caused by the increased unsaturation of the lipids (Ha et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2001). The effects of surfactants have been attributed to at least three causes: the decrease in growth rate due to reduced oxygen supply (Hulme and Stranks, 1970), the promotion of the release of bound enzymes (Reese and Maguire, 1969), and action on the cell membrane causing increased permeability (Reese and Maguire, 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Surfactant Tween 80 on the Gas Production, Cellulose Digestion and Enzyme Activities by Mixed Rumen Microorganisms

Lee¹,

Ha²

2003

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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The surfactant Tween 80 was evaluated for its ability to influence cumulative gas production, cellulose digestion, and enzyme activities by mixed ruminal microorganisms grown on barley grain or Orchardgrass hay. The addition of Tween 80 at a level of 0.10% significantly (p<0.05) decreased the cumulative gas production rate from both barley grain or Orchardgrass hay substrates. However, 0.05% Tween 80 did not affect gas production rates compared to the control treatment. The addition of 0.05% Tween 80 to cultures growing on barley grain resulted in a significant increase in cellulase (90.01%), xylanase (90.73%) and amylase (487.25%) activities after 30 h incubation. Cultures utilizing Orchardgrass hay had a significant increase in cellulase (124.43%), xylanase (108.86%) and amylase (271.22%) activities after 72 h incubation. These increases in activities were also observed with cultures supplemented with 0.10% Tween 80 throughout all the incubation times tested. These results indicated that the addition of 0.05% Tween 80 could greatly stimulate the release of some of key enzymes without decreasing cell growth rate in contrast to trends reported with aerobic microorganism. Our data indicates potential uses of the surfactant Tween 80 as a feed additive for ruminant animals.

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“…Further literature on goat AF is quite limited, involving the measurement of the hydrolytic activities of Neocallimastix sp. from rumen of native Indian and Korean goats [ 35 , 36 , 37 ] and the isolation of AF and associated methanogens of Neocallimastix frontalis , and Caecomyces communis strains from feces of the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) [ 38 ]. However, a pyrosequencing study by Liggenstoffer et al [ 39 ], did not detect any sequences of Neocallimastix and Caecomyces in the feces of domesticated goat, but determined Anaeromyces (48%), Piromyces (33%) and an uncultured group AL5 (20%) as prevalent genera.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a High-Grain Diet on the Rumen Microbiome of Goats with a Special Focus on Anaerobic Fungi

et al. 2021

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This work investigated the changes of the rumen microbiome of goats switched from a forage to a concentrate diet with special attention to anaerobic fungi (AF). Female goats were fed an alfalfa hay (AH) diet (0% grain; n = 4) for 20 days and were then abruptly shifted to a high-grain (HG) diet (40% corn grain, 60% AH; n = 4) and treated for another 10 days. Rumen content samples were collected from the cannulated animals at the end of each diet period (day 20 and 30). The microbiome structure was studied using high-throughput sequencing for bacteria, archaea (16S rRNA gene) and fungi (ITS2), accompanied by qPCR for each group. To further elucidate unclassified AF, clone library analyses were performed on the ITS1 spacer region. Rumen pH was significantly lower in HG diet fed goats, but did not induce subacute ruminal acidosis. HG diet altered prokaryotic communities, with a significant increase of Bacteroidetes and a decrease of Firmicutes. On the genus level Prevotella 1 was significantly boosted. Methanobrevibacter and Methanosphaera were the most abundant archaea regardless of the diet and HG induced a significant augmentation of unclassified Thermoplasmatales. For anaerobic fungi, HG triggered a considerable rise in Feramyces observed with both ITS markers, while a decline of Tahromyces was detected by ITS2 and decrease of Joblinomyces by ITS1 only. The uncultured BlackRhino group revealed by ITS1 and further elucidated in one sample by LSU analysis, formed a considerable part of the AF community of goats fed both diets. Results strongly indicate that the rumen ecosystem still acts as a source for novel microorganisms and unexplored microbial interactions and that initial rumen microbiota of the host animal considerably influences the reaction pattern upon diet change.

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The Effect of Saturated Fatty Acids on Cellulose Digestion by the Rumen Anaerobic Fungus, Neocallimatix frontalis C5-1

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Esansiyel Yağların Eklenmesinin, Sığırlardan İzole Edilen Rumen Funguslarının Yaşama Oranları ve Lignoselülolitik Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkileri

Esansiyel Yağların Eklenmesinin, Sığırlardan İzole Edilen Rumen Funguslarının Yaşama Oranları ve Lignoselülolitik Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkileri

Influences of Surfactant Tween 80 on the Gas Production, Cellulose Digestion and Enzyme Activities by Mixed Rumen Microorganisms

The Effect of a High-Grain Diet on the Rumen Microbiome of Goats with a Special Focus on Anaerobic Fungi

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