THE EFFECT OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ON LYMPHOCYTE AND CD4 IN CHICKEN VACCINATED AGAINST Avian Influenza VIRUS

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari alternatif pencegahan penyakit avian influenza (AI) pada ayam pedaging melalui peningkatan daya tahan tubuh. Limfosit T akan bereaksi secara langsung melawan antigen yang telah dipresentasikan ke permukaan sel oleh antigen presenting cell (APC). Interaksi Th-CD4 berperan membantu mampertahankan ikatan Th-APC agar tetap menyatu pada saat aktivasi antigen spesifik berlangsung. Asam lemak pada virgin coconut oil (VCO) berpotensi sebagai immunostimulan sehingga mampu meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh ayam melalui peningkatan limfosit T dan Th-CD4. Penelitian ini menggunakan 40 ekor ayam broiler umur satu hari. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan faktor pertama adalah 2 level vaksin yaitu kelompok ayam yang divaksin AI dan kelompok ayam yang tidak divaksin AI. Faktor kedua menggunakan 4 level VCO yaitu 0, 5, 10 dan 15 mL/kg pakan. Ayam broiler dikelompokkan dalam 8 kelompok perlakuan dan dilakukan pengulangan dalam 5 unit percobaan. Pakan dan minum diberikan ad libitum selama 4 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah limfosit dan Th-CD4 pada ayam yang diberi VCO sebesar 10 mL/kg pakan dan divaksin AI lebih tinggi dibanding pemberian VCO tanpa divaksin AI.Kata kunci: avian influenza, ayam pedaging, CD4, limfosit, VCO ABSTRACTThis research aimed to find preventing alternative of avian influenza (AI) disease in broiler chicken by increasing body immune. Lymphocyte T would directly react to antigen presented to the cell surface by antigen presenting cell (APC). Th-CD4 interaction functioned to maintain Th-APC bond intact during specific antigen activation. Fatty acid in virgin coconut oil (VCO) was potential as immunostimulant, which therefore could increase chicken immunity through the increase of lymphocyte T and Th-CD4. This research used 40 one-day-old broiler chickens. The method applied was Completely Randomized Factorial Design in which the first factor was two levels of vaccine, namely groups of AI vaccinated and unvaccinated. The second factor was four levels of VCO namely 0, 5, 10, 15 mL/kg feed. Day Old Chick (DOC) were divided into eight treatment groups and repeated five times. Feed and water were given ad libitum for four weeks. The result showed that the number of lymphocyte and Th-CD4 in chickens given 10 mL per kg feed and vaccinated with AI was higher than that in chickens given VCO without AI vaccine.

Understanding protection from SARS-CoV-2 using metabolomics

“…For example, lipid abundance can be modified through dietary intake to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress 28 . Virgin coconut oil, which is mainly composed of monolaurin, was able to boost the amount of lymphocyte and CD4 in vaccinated and unvaccinated broiler chickens, acting as an immunomodulator and increasing chicken immunity 29 . Another study suggested that monolaurin plays a significant role in T cell functions and signaling by altering TCR-induced LAT, PLC-γ, and AKT cluster formation, PI3K-AKT signaling axis, and calcium influx, decreasing cytokine production 30 .…”

Virgin Coconut Oil and Its Antimicrobial Properties against Pathogenic Microorganisms: A Review

“…In addition, Arora et al [69] stated that coconut oil was very effective against various viruses with lipid capsules, such as VV, CV, and also Epstein-Barr virus. Yuniwarti et al [70] investigated the effect of VCO on lymphocyte and CD4 (cluster of differentiating), a surface protein on T lymphocyte, in chicken which had been vaccinated against the avian influenza virus.…”

“…According to DebMandal and Mandal [29], LA and its monoglyceride found in coconut oil are effective in obliterating a wide variety of lipid-coated bacteria by disintegrating their lipid membranes. The MCFAs in coconut oil principally destroy microbial organisms by disturbing their membranes, thus interfering with virus assembly and maturation [69]. Besides, monolaurin is known to produce highly ordered membranes, which is thought to disrupt membrane function by affecting signal transduction due to blockage of promoters, uncoupling of energy systems, altered respiration state, and altered amino acid uptake [72].…”

Aktivitas Antioksidan Berbagai Minyak Edible Menggunakan Metode DPPH

“…Virgin coconut oil merupakan obat herbal yang mampu menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis makrofag (Yuniwarti et al, 2013) dan juga mampu meningkatkan jumlah limfosit (Yuniwarti et al, 2012). Virgin Coconut oil mengandung fenol dan triacylglycerol (Marina et al, 2009) sehingga mampu berperan sebagai antioksidan (Nevin dan Rajamohan, 2006).…”