The effects of sow parity on digestibility of proximate components and minerals during lactation as influenced by diet and microbial phytase supplementation.

Abstract

Ninety-six (Finnish Landrace x Dutch Landrace) reproductive sows were used at parities 1, 3, 5, and 7 + 8 from d 107 of gestation to d 21 of lactation to investigate the effects of diet and parity on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD). Animals were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were 1) a P-deficient (1.1 g digestible P [dP]/kg) Dutch semipractical diet; 2) Diet 1 supplemented with 400 FTU Aspergillus niger phytase per kilogram of diet (1.7 g dP/kg); 3) a corn-soybean meal-based diet (1.3 g dP/kg); and 4) Diet 3 supplemented with extra monocalcium phosphate (MCP; 2.4 g dP/kg of diet). Animals were fed twice daily at 2.8 times maintenance (418 kJ ME/ BW75) from d 8 to the end of lactation. Feces and urine were collected during d 11 to 13 and d 18 to 20 of lactation. The ATTD of DM, OM, ash, CP, Ca, Mg, and total P (P < .01) were higher for the corn-soybean meal-based diets than for the Dutch semipractical diet not supplemented with phytase. Addition of MCP enhanced total P ATTD by an average of 6.7 percentage units. Addition of microbial phytase improved Ca, Mg, and total P ATTD, but the effects were dependent on the stage of lactation. Lower ATTD of OM and CP were seen for first parity animals compared with higher parity sows. The ATTD of Mg increased with increasing parity. Parity had little effect on the ATTD of minerals during lactation, and dietary effects were prominent and followed a similar trend to those seen in growing-finishing pigs.

Effect of supplementing phytase to corn- or wheat-based gestation and lactation diets on nutrient digestibility and sow and litter performance

“…Thus, the results of the current study are generally in agreement with the results of Kemme et al (1997b) showing no effect of phytase derived from Aspergillus niger on gestation sow BW. Similarly, our data are consistent with the results of Baidoo et al (2003) showing no effects of phytase supplementation on lactation sow BW.…”

Effect of water source (ground versus surface) and treatment on nursery pig performance

“…Similarly, our data are consistent with the results of Baidoo et al (2003) showing no effects of phytase supplementation on lactation sow BW. In agreement with Kemme et al (1997b), Baidoo et al (2003) and Jongbloed et al (2004), litter size and litter performance were not influenced by phytase in either experiment.…”

“…These values are quite low compared with the overall average N ATTD of about 86% observed in the current study. Our values are closer to those reported by Kemme et al (1997b) for ATTD of N in lactating sows fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet without (91.4%) or with (90.5%) microbial phytase supplementation. A response of N digestibility to phytase is thought to result from the ability of phytase to hydrolyze dietary phytate-protein complexes and/or phytate thus preventing phytate from binding proteolytic enzymes, which in turn enhances N and amino acid digestion (Kornegay 1996).…”

Supplementation of a wheat-based diet low in phosphorus with microbial 6-phytase expressed in Aspergillus oryzae increases digestibility and plasma phosphorus but not performance in lactating sows

“…Similarly, phytase supplementation to lactation sow diets did not affect BW loss, feed intake, or litter growth (Kemme et al, 1997b;Baidoo et al, 2003;Jongbloed et al, 2004;Nyachoti et al, 2006). In these studies, number of sows per treatment might not have been sufficient to detect treatment differences.…”