The Effects of Vomitoxin and Feed Intake on the Performance and Blood Characteristics of Young Pigs

Lun, Andreas; Young, L. G.; Lumsden, J. H.

doi:10.2527/jas1985.6151178x

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2, lower DON levels resulted in negligible feed intake effects after the initial exposure period. These results are consistent with earlier reports, where feed intake was often restored after 7 to 14 d if diets contained less than 3 mg/kg DON (Lun et al, 1985;Grosjean et al, 2002;Rempe et al, 2013). These observations also support the hypothesis that pigs develop some degree of adaptation to DON after the initial exposure period (Dersjant-Li et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The progression of deoxynivalenol-induced growth suppression in nursery pigs and the potential of an algae-modified montmorillonite clay to mitigate these effects12

Frobose

Erceg

Fowler

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to characterize the progression of deoxynivalenol (DON)-induced growth suppression and to investigate algae-modified montmorillonite clay (AMMC) as a means to alleviate the effects of DON in nursery pigs. In both experiments, naturally DON-contaminated wheat was used to produce diets with desired DON levels. In Exp. 1, 280 barrows and gilts (10.0 ± 0.2 kg BW) were used in a 28-d experiment arranged in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial design with 8 replicates per treatment. The 5 treatments consisted of 2 positive control (PC) diets with DON below detection limits and with or without 0 or 0.50% AMMC and 3 negative control (NC) diets with 5 mg/kg of DON and containing 0, 0.25, or 0.50% AMMC. No DON × AMMC interactions were observed. Overall, pigs fed DON had decreased (P < 0.001) ADG and final BW regardless of AMMC addition. Feeding DON-contaminated diets elicited the most severe depression (P < 0.001) in ADFI and G:F from d 0 to 3, remaining poorer overall (P < 0.01) but lessening in severity as exposure time increased. Pigs fed DON diets had greater (P < 0.05) within pen BW variation (CV) on d 28. Although the addition of 0.50% AMMC to diets restored (P < 0.05) ADFI from d 14 to 21 to levels similar to the PC, no other differences were observed for AMMC inclusion. In Exp. 2, 360 barrows (11.4 ± 0.2 kg BW) were used in a 21-d experiment with 9 dietary treatments arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial design with DON and AMMC inclusion as main effects. There were 8 replicate pens per treatment. Treatments consisted of 3 PC diets without DON, 3 low-DON (1.5 mg/kg DON) NC diets, and 3 high-DON (3 mg/kg DON) NC diets with 0, 0.17, or 0.50% AMMC incorporated at each DON level. No DON × AMMC interactions were observed. As DON level increased, ADG and final BW decreased (quadratic, P < 0.05), driven by decreased (quadratic, P < 0.01) ADFI and poorer (quadratic; P < 0.05) G:F. At both 1.5 and 3 mg/kg DON, reductions in ADG were most marked from d 0 to 7 (15 to 22% lower) and were least distinct from d 14 to 21 (5 to 6% lower). Incorporating AMMC at increasing levels had no effect on ADG, ADFI, G:F, or final BW. Overall, these experiments reinforce DON effects on feed intake but also indicate that the effects of DON on G:F may be more severe than previously thought. Furthermore, some pigs appear to develop tolerance to DON, as effects on ADFI and G:F lessen over time. However, the addition of AMMC did not offset the deleterious effects of DON.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The progression of deoxynivalenol-induced growth suppression in nursery pigs and the potential of an algae-modified montmorillonite clay to mitigate these effects12

Frobose

Erceg

Fowler

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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show abstract

“…Previous studies showed increased serum chloride in rats given 0.25À1.0 mg/kg bw deoxynivalenol (2.5À10 μg/g in diet), 17 and lower serum calcium and phosphorus in pigs fed 10 μg of deoxynivalenol/g in diet compared with controls, 20 but elevated serum calcium and magnesium were found in rats fed fumonisin B1 (7.5 μg/g), whereas serum chloride, phosphate, and ALP were not altered by fumonisin B1. 16 In our experiment, significant increases of serum chloride and decreases of serum phosphorus and magnesium were found in rats fed the mixture of three mycotoxins, which may be a sign of nephrotoxicity, because a Different letters in individual columns indicate significant difference for different sex (lower case letter for male and capital letter for female, p < 0.05).…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 94%

Efficacy of a Mycotoxin Binder against Dietary Fumonisin, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone in Rats

Qiang

Truong²,

Meynen³

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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It was hypothesized that a mycotoxin binder, Grainsure E, would inhibit adverse effects of a mixture of fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in rats. For 14 and 28 days, 8-10 Sprague-Dawley rats were fed control diet, Grainsure E (0.5%), toxins (7 μg fumonisin B1/g, 8 μg of deoxynivalenol/g and 0.2 μg of zearalenone/g), toxins (12 μg of fumonisin B1/g, 9 μg of deoxynivalenol/g, and 0.2 μg of zearalenone/g + Grainsure E), or pair-fed to control for food intake of toxin-fed rats. After 28 days, decreased body weight gain was prevented by Grainsure E in toxin-fed female rats, indicating partial protection against deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B1. Two effects of fumonisin B1 were partly prevented by Grainsure E in toxin-fed rats, increased plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and urinary sphinganine/sphingosine, but sphinganine/sphingosine increase was not prevented in females at the latter time point. Grainsure E prevented some effects of fumonisin B1 and deoxynivalenol in rats. KeywordsAmes Laboratory, fumonisin; deoxynivalenol; zearalanone; mycotoxin binder; Grainsure E ABSTRACT: It was hypothesized that a mycotoxin binder, Grainsure E, would inhibit adverse effects of a mixture of fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in rats. For 14 and 28 days, 8À10 SpragueÀDawley rats were fed control diet, Grainsure E (0.5%), toxins (7 μg fumonisin B1/g, 8 μg of deoxynivalenol/g and 0.2 μg of zearalenone/g), toxins (12 μg of fumonisin B1/g, 9 μg of deoxynivalenol/g, and 0.2 μg of zearalenone/g + Grainsure E), or pair-fed to control for food intake of toxin-fed rats. After 28 days, decreased body weight gain was prevented by Grainsure E in toxin-fed female rats, indicating partial protection against deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B1. Two effects of fumonisin B1 were partly prevented by Grainsure E in toxin-fed rats, increased plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and urinary sphinganine/sphingosine, but sphinganine/sphingosine increase was not prevented in females at the latter time point. Grainsure E prevented some effects of fumonisin B1 and deoxynivalenol in rats.

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“…Although there is limited evidence that feed conversion may be redltced in pigs fed diets containing more than 8 mg DON kg-' (Blaney and Williams 1991), most previous studies have indicated that the effect of DON on BW is indirect and due to a reduction in feed acceptability and intake (Lun et al 1985;Chavez and Rheaume 1986) xBW is body weight. wSee Table 3 for explanation.…”

Section: Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding diets containing Fusarium (naturally) contaminated wheat or pure deoxynivalenol (DON) in growing pigs

Trenholm¹,

Thompson²,

Foster³

et al. 1994

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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The Effects of Vomitoxin and Feed Intake on the Performance and Blood Characteristics of Young Pigs

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

The progression of deoxynivalenol-induced growth suppression in nursery pigs and the potential of an algae-modified montmorillonite clay to mitigate these effects12

The progression of deoxynivalenol-induced growth suppression in nursery pigs and the potential of an algae-modified montmorillonite clay to mitigate these effects12

Efficacy of a Mycotoxin Binder against Dietary Fumonisin, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone in Rats

Effects of feeding diets containing Fusarium (naturally) contaminated wheat or pure deoxynivalenol (DON) in growing pigs

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