The gene for rat atrial natriuretic factor.

Argentin, S; Nemer, Mona; Drouin, J.; Scott, Gary K.; Kennedy, B P; Davies, P L

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)89107-4

Cited by 101 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The most common naturally occurring sequence with the potential to adopt Z-DNA, d(TG)nd(CA)n, has been found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes (4-6) in association with many genes. These include the actins (4), histones (7), immunoglobulins (8), globins (9,10) and also genes of neuroendocrine origin [atrial natriuretic factor (11), somatostatin (12), growth hormone (13) and prolactin (14)]. Such sequences are known to form Z-DNA in supercoiled plasmids under physiological conditions (15)(16)(17) and can interact with anti-Z DNA antibodies (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

d(TG)_n·d(CA)_nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

1990

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Two alternating purine-pyrimidine sequences of the d(TG)n.d(CA)n-type (170bp and 60 bp in length) lie upstream of the rat prolactin (rPRL) gene. Conformational studies of plasmids containing these sequences indicate that both form left-handed (Z) DNA, with transitions initiating at superhelical densities of -0.041 and -0.044 respectively. These alternating purine-pyrimidine (APP) sequences are hypersensitive to cleavage with S1 nuclease both at the boundaries and within these APP repeats, where there is a loss in APP alternation. We have investigated the function of one of these Z-DNA sequences in the regulation of rPRL transcription, by linking regions of the 5' flanking sequence of the rPRL gene to a reporter gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), and transferring these plasmids into GH3 pituitary tumour cell lines. The major conclusion from these studies is that the 170bp repeat exerts a negative effect on the transcription of the rPRL gene, and also down-regulates the expression of the fusion gene pRSVcat when cloned 50bp upstream of the Rous sarcoma virus promoter. However, despite its proximity to an estrogen response element in prolactin, this sequence does not affect the responsiveness of the rPRL gene to estrogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

d(TG)_n·d(CA)_nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

1990

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“…We have previously isolated the rat and human ANF genes and have shown that a high degree of homology exists between the two genes in the proximal 5'-flanking sequences, suggesting the presence of putative well-conserved regulatory elements within this region (3,43). Gene transfer experiments have already revealed that 400 bp of upstream sequences from the human ANF gene is sufficient for atrium-specific transcription in cultured cells (32) and in transgenic mice (23).…”

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confidence: 99%

Developmental stage-specific regulation of atrial natriuretic factor gene transcription in cardiac cells

Argentin

Ardati

Tremblay

et al. 1994

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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Cardiac myocytes undergo a major genetic switch within the first week of postnatal development, when cell division ceases terminally and many cardiac genes are either activated or silenced. We have developed stage-specific cardiocyte cultures to analyze transcriptional control of the rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) gene to identify the mechanisms underlying tissue-specific and developmental regulation of this gene in the heart. The first 700 bp of ANF flanking sequences was sufficient for cardiac muscle- and stage-specific expression in both atrial and ventricular myocytes, and a cardiac muscle-specific enhancer was localized between -136 and -700 bp. Deletion of this enhancer markedly reduced promoter activity in cardiac myocytes and derepressed ANF promoter activity in nonexpressing cells. Two distinct domains of the enhancer appeared to contribute differentially to cardiac specificity depending on the differentiation stage of the myocytes. DNase I footprinting of the enhancer domain active in differentiated cells revealed four putative regulatory elements including an A+T-rich region and a CArG element. Deletion mutagenesis and promoter reconstitution assays revealed an important role for the CArG-containing element exclusively in cardiac cells, where its activity was switched on in differentiated myocytes. Transcriptional activity of the ANF-CArG box correlated with the presence of a cardiac- and stage-specific DNA-binding complex which was not recognized by the c-fos serum response element. Thus, the use of this in vitro model system representing stage-specific cardiac development unraveled the presence of different regulatory mechanisms for transcription of the ANF gene during cardiac differentiation and may be useful for studying the regulatory pathways of other genes that undergo switching during cardiac myogenesis.

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“…Conserved GATA motifs in ANP genes. The sequences shown are from (top to bottom) the human (44), rat (8), mouse (56), and bovine (66) ANP genes.…”

Section: P T K Q V Ala P Sc T G R a P R P R P Si T C H Smentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hormone-Encoding Gene Identifies a Pathway for Cardiac but Not Skeletal Muscle Gene Transcription

Grépin

Dagnino

Robitaille

et al. 1994

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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In contrast to skeletal muscle, the mechanisms responsible for activation and maintenance of tissue-specific transcription in cardiac muscle remain poorly understood. A family of hormone-encoding genes is expressed in a highly specific manner in cardiac but not skeletal myocytes. This includes the A- and B-type natriuretic peptide (ANP and BNP) genes, which encode peptide hormones with crucial roles in the regulation of blood volume and pressure. Since these genes are markers of cardiac cells, we have used them to probe the mechanisms for cardiac muscle-specific transcription. Cloning and functional analysis of the rat BNP upstream sequences revealed unexpected structural resemblance to erythroid but not to muscle-specific promoters and enhancers, including a requirement for regulatory elements containing GATA motifs. A cDNA clone corresponding to a member of the GATA family of transcription factors was isolated from a cardiomyocyte cDNA library. Transcription of this GATA gene is restricted mostly to the heart and is undetectable in skeletal muscle. Within the heart, GATA transcripts are localized in ANP- and BNP-expressing myocytes, and forced expression of the GATA protein in heterologous cells markedly activates transcription from the natural cardiac muscle-specific ANP and BNP promoters. This GATA-dependent pathway defines the first mechanism for cardiac muscle-specific transcription. Moreover, the present findings reveal striking similarities between the mechanisms controlling gene expression in hematopoietic and cardiac cells and may have important implications for studies of cardiogenesis.

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The gene for rat atrial natriuretic factor.

Cited by 101 publications

References 35 publications

d(TG)_n·d(CA)_nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

d(TG)_n·d(CA)_nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

Developmental stage-specific regulation of atrial natriuretic factor gene transcription in cardiac cells

A Hormone-Encoding Gene Identifies a Pathway for Cardiac but Not Skeletal Muscle Gene Transcription

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The gene for rat atrial natriuretic factor.

Cited by 101 publications

References 35 publications

d(TG)n·d(CA)nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

d(TG)n·d(CA)nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

Developmental stage-specific regulation of atrial natriuretic factor gene transcription in cardiac cells

A Hormone-Encoding Gene Identifies a Pathway for Cardiac but Not Skeletal Muscle Gene Transcription

Contact Info

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d(TG)_n·d(CA)_nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription

d(TG)_n·d(CA)_nsequences upstream of the rat prolactin gene form Z-DNA and inhibit gene transcription