The Inhibition of the Electrochemical Oxidation of Glucose at Platinum at pH = 7.4 by Chloride Ions.

Nanomaterials for electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose biosensors

“…First, the surface of Pt could be seriously poisoned by many species in the physiological conditions, especially chloride anions, which strongly absorb to the surface of Pt, so that they make the electrode surface inaccessible to the analytes. 48 Second, the chemisorption of many organic species in the blood such as amino acids, ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), creatinine and epinephrine severely reduces the electrocatalytic activity of Pt electrode during the practical usage. 49,50 Third, the selectivity of Pt electrode is poor when it is used as a biosensor because the small current responses of target molecules resulting from sluggish reaction and slow electron transfer kinetics cannot compete to the interferential current from the electroactive species.…”

Effect of coreactants on electrochemical glucose oxidation

“…The observation (1,7) that Cl" has a strong inhibitory effect on glucose oxidation was confirmed in results not shown, but this seems to be of minor concern since Cl" is maintained within a narrow concentration range in vivo. Epinephrine also reacted vigorously at the electrode, but only at potentials greater than 200 mV, and thus had no effect on the anodically-directed, glucose-dependent peak at up to 105 times normal concentration.…”

“…Glucose and some other biochemicals of diagnostic medical interest can be electrochemically oxidized at the surface of catalytic metal electrodes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). We are attempting to use the reactivity of glucose as the basis for development of an implantable analytical glucose sensor for long-term in-vivo monitoring (8).…”

“…Addition of an amino acid mixture caused a large current decrease in potentiostatic studies of glucose oxidation (6). Chloride ion also strongly inhibited glucose oxidation (1,7).…”

Raney-platinum film electrodes for potentially implantable glucose fuel cells. Part 1: Nickel-free glucose oxidation anodes

“…5 in [13]). The lower current density observed in phosphate buffered saline results from chloride ions adsorbed at the anode, which interfere with glucose oxidation [37]. At this point it has to be mentioned that the higher current densities obtained in chloride-free phosphate buffer are of little relevance for practical fuel cell operation in a physiological environment.…”