The mechanical and structural properties of lunar regolith simulant based geopolymer under extreme temperature environment on the moon through experimental and simulation methods

Xiong, Guiyan; Guo, Xiaolu; Yuan, Shuting; Xia, Ming

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126679

Cited by 44 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The compressive strength of geopolymer was found to increase by a factor of 6 or more when exposed to a thermal cycle of −80~114 • C in air and vacuum. In another study by Xiong et al (2022), geopolymer exposed to temperature cycles of −190~25 • C was found to have gained compressive strength while the compressive strength of samples exposed to 0~−30 • C cycles increased from 60 MPa to 80 MPa [18]. Xiong et al's explanation for the strength increase was that the moisture trapped in the pores was frozen, and since the strength of the ice was greater at lower temperatures, the ice in the pores contributed to the increase in the strength of the geopolymer [18].…”

Section: Compressive Strength and Durability Of Lunar Regolith Simula...mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In another study by Xiong et al (2022), geopolymer exposed to temperature cycles of −190~25 • C was found to have gained compressive strength while the compressive strength of samples exposed to 0~−30 • C cycles increased from 60 MPa to 80 MPa [18]. Xiong et al's explanation for the strength increase was that the moisture trapped in the pores was frozen, and since the strength of the ice was greater at lower temperatures, the ice in the pores contributed to the increase in the strength of the geopolymer [18]. Zhang et al (2022), on the other hand, reported opposite results in that the compressive strength of geopolymers exposed to the lunar surface temperature range of −179.8~99.6 • C decreased [3].…”

Section: Compressive Strength and Durability Of Lunar Regolith Simula...mentioning

confidence: 95%

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A Review on Geopolymer Technology for Lunar Base Construction

Lee

Riessen

2022

Materials

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Geopolymer is a synthetic amorphous aluminosilicate material that can be used as an inorganic binder to replace ordinary Portland cement. Geopolymer is produced by mixing aluminosilicate source materials with alkali activators and curing the mixture either at ambient or low temperatures. Geopolymer research for lunar-based construction is actively underway to enable astronauts to stay on the moon for long periods. This research has been spurred on by earnest discussions of in situ resource utilization (ISRU). Recent research shows that the lunar regolith simulant-based geopolymers have high application potential to protect astronauts from the harsh moon environment. However, not all the simulants perfectly reproduce the lunar regolith, and the characteristics of the lunar regolith vary depending on the site. Issues remain regarding the applicability of geopolymer technology to contribute to ISRU through an elaborate and systematic plan of experiments. In this paper, the potential of geopolymers is assessed as a lunar-based construction material with the latest research results. Future work to develop the lunar regolith-based geopolymer technology is also proposed.

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Section: Compressive Strength and Durability Of Lunar Regolith Simula...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Compressive Strength and Durability Of Lunar Regolith Simula...mentioning

confidence: 95%

A Review on Geopolymer Technology for Lunar Base Construction

Lee

Riessen

2022

Materials

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“…The Lunar regolith simulant synthesis is referred to Refs. [38,39]: (1) Basalt is the main mineral component in the regolith, mainly providing a source of silicon and aluminum. (2) Fe 2 O 3 in the Lunar regolith simulant is mainly provided by hematite.…”

Section: Preparation Of Lunar Regolith Simulantmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-printed Lunar regolith simulant-based geopolymer composites with bio-inspired sandwich architectures

Ma¹,

Jiang²,

Fu³

et al. 2023

Journal of Advanced Ceramics

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Over time, natural materials have evolved to be lightweight, high-strength, tough, and damage-tolerant due to their unique biological structures. Therefore, combining biological inspiration and structural design would provide traditional materials with a broader range of performance and applications. Here, the application of an ink-based three-dimensional (3D) printing strategy to the structural design of a Lunar regolith simulant-based geopolymer (HIT-LRS-1 GP) was first reported, and high-precision carbon fiber/quartz sand-reinforced biomimetic patterns inspired by the cellular sandwich structure of plant stems were fabricated. This study demonstrated how different cellular sandwich structures can balance the structure-property relationship and how to achieve unprecedented damage tolerance for a geopolymer composite. The results presented that components based on these biomimetic architectures exhibited stable non-catastrophic fracture characteristics regardless of the compression direction, and each structure possessed effective damage tolerance and anisotropy of mechanical properties. The results showed that the compressive strengths of honeycomb sandwich patterns, triangular sandwich patterns, wave sandwich patterns, and rectangular sandwich patterns in the Y-axis (Z-axis) direction were 15.

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“…Mills et al [ 15 ] compared the mechanical properties of alkali-activated lunar-soil-like geopolymers prepared in vacuum extreme-high-temperature (600 °C) and low-temperature (−80 °C) environments and found that the high-temperature environment was more conducive to the curing of geopolymers. Xiong et al [ 16 ] treated a simulated lunar soil geopolymer excited with a NaOH solution with high- and low-temperature cycles of 120 °C and −30 °C and found that the compressive strength of the geopolymer was even improved after 20 cycles. Pilehvar et al [ 17 ] used a NaOH solution to prepare a DNA-1 lunar soil simulant geopolymer with a uniaxial compressive strength of 16 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Geopolymerization of Lunar Soil Simulant under Dry Curing and Sealed Curing

Gu,

2024

Materials

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The construction of lunar surface roads is conducive to improving the efficiency of lunar space transportation. The use of lunar in situ resources is the key to the construction of lunar bases. In order to explore the strength development of a simulated lunar soil geopolymer at lunar temperature, geopolymers with different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) contents were prepared by using simulated lunar regolith materials. The temperature of the high-temperature section of the moon was simulated as the curing condition, and the difference in compressive strength between dry curing and sealed curing was studied. The results show that the high-temperature range of lunar temperature from 52.7 °C to 76.3 °C was the suitable curing period for the geopolymers, and the maximum strength of 72 h was 6.31 MPa when the NaOH content was 8% in the sealed-curing mode. The 72 h strength had a maximum value of 6.87 MPa when the NaOH content was 12% under dry curing. Choosing a suitable solution can reduce the consumption of activators required for geopolymers to obtain unit strength, effectively reduce the quality of materials transported from the Earth for lunar infrastructure construction, and save transportation costs. The microscopic results show that the simulated lunar soil generated gel substances and needle-like crystals under the alkali excitation of NaOH, forming a cluster and network structure to improve the compressive strength of the geopolymer.

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The mechanical and structural properties of lunar regolith simulant based geopolymer under extreme temperature environment on the moon through experimental and simulation methods

Cited by 44 publications

References 32 publications

A Review on Geopolymer Technology for Lunar Base Construction

A Review on Geopolymer Technology for Lunar Base Construction

3D-printed Lunar regolith simulant-based geopolymer composites with bio-inspired sandwich architectures

Experimental Study on Geopolymerization of Lunar Soil Simulant under Dry Curing and Sealed Curing

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