The prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomaviruses among women in Taizhou, China

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Knowledge regarding the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in women is important to establish strategies for cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of HPV infection in Taizhou, China. HPV genotype of 10,733 women who visited Taizhou People's Hospital from November 2016 to October 2018 was determined using a PCR and hybridization-based detection test. The prevalence of overall, high risk (HR), and low risk (LR) HPV infections was 34.58%, 29.92%, and 10.12%, respectively. Of HPV-positive cases, 2417 (65.13%) were infected with a single HPV genotype and 1294 (34.87%) were infected with multiple HPV genotypes. HPV-52 was the most prevalent genotype (6.21%), followed by HPV-16 (5.33%), HPV-53 (4.03%), HPV-58 (3.89%), and HPV-81 (3.75%). The highest prevalence of HPV infection was found in women aged ≥60 years (40.72%). Furthermore, the prevalence of HPV increased with the severity of cervical lesions. In conclusions, the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV varied with age and cervical lesions. The findings might serve as a potential reference for guiding cervical cancer screening and vaccine-based HPV prevention in Taizhou.

Evaluation of Oral Supplementation with a Casein Hydrolysate-based Formula to Favor the Clearance of HR-HPV Infections and their Derived Lesions

“…It has been described that patients with cervical HPV present simultaneous infection by more than one type of HPV in more than 30% of cases [33][34][35]. For this reason, total HR-HPV clearance is of greater clinical importance, meaning that a patient negativizes the test for all HR-HPV types detected at baseline.…”

“…With respect to total HR-HPV clearance, complete clearance of all HR-HPV types at 6 months of follow-up was observed in 66.7% (20/30) for group 1 vs. 35.7% (5/14) for control group 2, and 39.6% (17/43) for group 3 vs. 22.6% (7/31) for group 4. If we take into account the total number of patients supplemented with casein hydrolysate-based formula (groups 1 and 3) compared to the control groups (2 and 4), 50.7% (37/73) vs 26.7% (12/45) of total HR-HPV clearance was observed respectively (figure 1b).…”

“…In parallel, HPVs can be classified as low risk (LR-HPV) or high-risk viruses (HR-HPV), depending on the risk of developing cancer by their infection persistence [2]. In this sense, fifteen HPV types are considered high-risk types (16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59,68,73, and 82) while 3 are classified as probable high-risk types (26,53, and 66) [3].…”

“…Inclusion criteria: Patients with positive DNA test for at least one HR-HPV (HPV 16,18,26,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,53,56,58,59,66,68,73,82) with normal, ASCUS or LSIL cytology. Women from 20 to 65 years old.…”

Current Updates on Cancer-Causing Types of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in East, Southeast, and South Asia

“…Most of the kits utilize the high-throughput gene chip-PCR-fluorescence technique, flow-through hybridization, PCR or real-time PCR, and reverse dot blot (RBD) technologies. Available commercial kits include the HPV GenoArray Diagnostic Kit (Hybribio, Chaozhou, China) [ 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 ], HPV Geno-Array test kit (Genetel Pharmaceuticals Co, Ltd., Shenzhen, China) [ 119 , 158 ] (US Patents 5,741,647 and 6,020,187), HPV Genotyping Panel Kit (Tellgen Life Science Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) [ 159 ], HPV Genotyping Detection Kit (Crystal Core ® , CapitalBio Corporation, Beijing, China) [ 59 , 160 ], HPV Nucleic Acid Amplification Typing Test Kit (Kaipu Biochemical Company, Guangdong, China) [ 121 ], HPV Genotyping Kit (bioPerfectus Technologies, Jiangsu, China) [ 148 ], PCR-RBD assay (Yaneng Bioscience, Shenzhen, China) [ 33 , 83 , 127 , 155 , 161 , 162 ], HPV Genotyping Real Time PCR kit (Zhejiang Bio-Tech Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) [ 62 , 163 , 164 ], SNIPER ® HPV Genotyping Diagnosis Kit (Genetel, Shenzhen, China) [ 131 ], and GenoFlow Human Papillomavirus Array Test (DiagCor Bioscience Inc., Hong Kong SAR, China) [ 173 ]. In addition to these locally produced detection kits, SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 (Labo Biomedical Products, Rijswijk, The Netherlands), an HPV detection platform that combines a DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA), reverse hybridization, and multiplex-type-specific PCR has also been used [ 165 ].…”