The Relationship between Birds Diversity and Habitats in Phou Khao Khouay (PKK) National Park of Lao PDR

Abstract

In recent years, global warming, drought and little rain, forest fires, forest destruction and other human disturbances have had an important impact on the habitat environment of birds, affecting the number and quality of bird habitats, directly threatening the survival and reproduction of birds, leading to a sharp decline in the diversity of bird species. In this study, the PKK National Park (18˚14'-18˚32'N; 102˚38'-102˚59'E), Laos was used as a research site. The birds and their habitats in the park were used as research objects. The species, quantity and distribution of birds were investigated. In addition, the distribution of vegetation and the relationship between bird's community and habitat types in PKK National Park were studied. Species diversity and Abundance of birds at PKK National Park, was monthly assessed by point count method between January and December 2018. A total of 117 species of birds belonging to 43 families and 18 orders were found in the inspection areas. Among them, Passerine birds (60 species) and Non-Finches (57 species) were almost equal to each other, accounting for 51.3% and 48.7% of total birds species respectively. Again, Anseriformes birds account for the largest number amongst Non-Passeriformes, reaching 15 species, followed by Falconiformes, accounting for 20.5% of total. On the other hand, based on migratory habits, resident birds were found to be highest in our research site which account for 35.04% of total birds and followed by Summer Migratory birds (32.28%), Passage Migrant (23.93%) and Winter Migratory birds (6.83%). Through the quantitative measurement and analysis of various parameters, the focus is on the diversity of birds and species in the park. Further, the factors that can affect species diversity, especially the bird's survival factors such

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“…Jumlah Jenis dan Suku Burung di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Perbedaan nilai signifikan untuk jumlah jenis burung maupun jumlah individu jenis burung antar seluruh tipe habitat mengindikasikan bahwa jenis burung memberikan respon yang berbeda terhadap perbedaan tipe habitat. Perbedaan signifikan mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan komponen habitat (Thongsoulin et al, 2019). Burung melakukan seleksi habitat disesuaikan dengan kepentingan burung tersebut yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan dan preferensi habitat oleh burung (Kong et al, 2018;Moreno et al, 2014).…”

“…Kehadiran burung di suatu habitat, secara umum dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor habitat itu sendiri seperti ketersediaan pakan, keragaman habitat, bahkan faktor keberadaan manusia. Kelimpahan burung akan lebih tinggi di habitat dengan kemampuan menyediakan pakan lebih banyak (Ortega-álvarez & Casas, 2022;Shochat et al, 2015;Tryjanowski et al, 2015) serta habitat dengan keanekaragan tipe habitat lebih tinggi (Sasaki et al, 2020;Thongsoulin et al, 2019). Burung termasuk satwa yang sensitif terhadap perubahan struktur dan kompoisi habitat (Melo et al, 2020;Blinkova & Shupova, 2017).…”

Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung pada Berbagai Tipe Habitat di Pulau Belitung

“…Keanekaragaman burung dipengaruhi oleh struktur lanskap (Kaban et al, 2018). Keanekaragaman tipe habitat juga berkorelasi positif dengan keanekaragaman jenis burung (Basile et al, 2021;Thongsoulin et al, 2019). Kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman vegetasi yang tinggi berpengaruh positif terhadap kehadiran burung (Xu et al, 2022;Sulaiman et al, 2013).…”

Diversity of bird species in Pangheotan grassland and Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park, West Java, Indonesia

“…One type of fauna whose species diversity can be measured is birds. Birds have a large number of species in nature and are highly sensitive to environmental changes (Thongsoulin et al 2019). Birds are one of the ecosystem components that have an important role, and they can be used as seed dispersal agents, indicators of biodiversity, indicators of changes in environmental quality, and indicators in determining conservation areas (Hendrayana et al 2022;Sudjatnika et al 1995).…”

“…Bird diversity is the core of the research on bird ecology and the hotspot of conservation biology. The diversity of birds not only reflects the state of birds themselves but also reflects the fine habitat of birds, which can play a better indicator of ecological balance and environmental quality (Thongsoulin et al 2019). The diversity of habitats acts as a provider of food sources, shelter, resting places, and nesting places for birds.…”