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Objective. To analyze the comorbid diseases and conditions in patients with a novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, who died in the infectious hospital. Materials and methods. Analysis of 1202 postmortem epicrises and protocols of pathologicoanatomic study of patients, who died in the infectious hospital of Smolensk on the basis of Clinical Hospital № 1 was carried out. Results. There prevailed elderly and old patients 81.5 %, most of them suffered from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), first of all ischemic heart disease 92 % and arterial hypertension 94.8 %. The most frequent risk factors/comorbid background of CVD were obesity (53.7 %), type 2 diabetes mellitus 29.8 %. Practically all patients suffered from chronic heart failure, each third 2b3 stage, IIIIV functional class (30.1 %). The basic comorbid diseases/conditions during hospitalization period were myocardial infarction (3.8 %), acute coronary syndrome (5.2 %), cerebral stroke (6.1 %), pulmonary embolism (4.3 %), atrial fibrillation paroxysm (8.7 %), myocarditis/pericarditis (3.8 %). In 43.1 % of patients, the comorbid pathology was on the foreground as a concurrent/concomitant/basic disease (as a basic diseases in 12.9 % of patients). Conclusions. Among the dead patients with COVID-19 there prevail elderly and old patients, burdened for comorbidity. Most of all, cardiovascular pathology, complicated by heart failure and associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has an impact of the outcome of disease. The comorbid diseases/conditions during hospitalization are determined, as a rule, by vascular thromboses of various localizations. In every tenth patient, the comorbid pathology was the direct cause of death.
Objective. To analyze the comorbid diseases and conditions in patients with a novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, who died in the infectious hospital. Materials and methods. Analysis of 1202 postmortem epicrises and protocols of pathologicoanatomic study of patients, who died in the infectious hospital of Smolensk on the basis of Clinical Hospital № 1 was carried out. Results. There prevailed elderly and old patients 81.5 %, most of them suffered from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), first of all ischemic heart disease 92 % and arterial hypertension 94.8 %. The most frequent risk factors/comorbid background of CVD were obesity (53.7 %), type 2 diabetes mellitus 29.8 %. Practically all patients suffered from chronic heart failure, each third 2b3 stage, IIIIV functional class (30.1 %). The basic comorbid diseases/conditions during hospitalization period were myocardial infarction (3.8 %), acute coronary syndrome (5.2 %), cerebral stroke (6.1 %), pulmonary embolism (4.3 %), atrial fibrillation paroxysm (8.7 %), myocarditis/pericarditis (3.8 %). In 43.1 % of patients, the comorbid pathology was on the foreground as a concurrent/concomitant/basic disease (as a basic diseases in 12.9 % of patients). Conclusions. Among the dead patients with COVID-19 there prevail elderly and old patients, burdened for comorbidity. Most of all, cardiovascular pathology, complicated by heart failure and associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has an impact of the outcome of disease. The comorbid diseases/conditions during hospitalization are determined, as a rule, by vascular thromboses of various localizations. In every tenth patient, the comorbid pathology was the direct cause of death.
In order to identify the epidemiological features of the incidence of COVID-19 in the Jalal-Abad region of the Kyrgyz Republic, a retrospective epidemiological analysis was carried out, according to the results of which the following was established. Jalal-Abad region was the leader in the number of cases of new coronavirus infection in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2020. The incidence had a pronounced rise with a maximum in October. The most disadvantaged in this period in terms of the incidence of a new coronavirus infection were Mailuu-SUU (1663.2 per 100 thousand), Chatkal (1000.8 per 100 thousand), Jalal-Abad (677.6 per 100 thousand) and Kara-Kol (532.0 per 100 thousand). In all territorial entities of the region, cases of COVID-19 were registered mainly among the adult population. The diseases of the new coronavirus infection in children were isolated. The greatest proportion of cases occurred in people aged 30–64 years, which is due to the larger number of this group, as well as the most severe course of the disease. Most often, the diseases occurred in the form of moderate severity (47.2 %) and mild (22.7 %). At the same time, according to the results of laboratory studies, it was possible to identify 14.9 % of cases of the disease with an asymptomatic course. The condition was regarded as severe in 12.2 % of cases, extremely severe — in 3 %. High focality was revealed. The share of foci with two cases was 63.2 %, with three — 19.3 %, four — 6.2 %, five — 5.5 %, six or more — 5.8 %. Most foci with four or more cases were registered in Ala-Buka, Suzak, Toktogul, Nooken districts and the city of Tash-Komur. The study made it possible to identify the features of the course of the epidemic process of a new coronavirus infection, which made it possible to adjust the implementation of preventive and anti-epidemic measures in the future, to reduce the rate of focality, to minimize mortality. At the same time, the main role in the prevention of COVID-19 from the moment of registration of vaccines against this infection is assigned to specific prevention.
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