The roles of mandarin fish STING in innate immune defense against Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus infections

Qin, Xiao-Wei; Yu, Yang; Liu, Chang; Luo, Zhiyong; Li, Zhimin; Weng, Shaoping; Guo, Chang-Jun; He, Jianguo

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.062

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Teleost fish DDX41 also interacts with STING via the DEAD domain; however, the HELIC domain of D. rerio DDX41 might obstruct the DDX41-STING signaling pathways [ 11 ]. Although the DDX41 of fish is highly homologous with the DDX41 from other species, there are differences between the STING of fish and those of other species [ 17 , 23 ]. The N-terminal TM domain of fish STING presents diversity; for example, grass carp STING has three TM structure domains [ 22 ], while grouper STING contains four TM domains [ 24 ], and the sc STING contains five TM domains [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the DDX41 of fish is highly homologous with the DDX41 from other species, there are differences between the STING of fish and those of other species [ 17 , 23 ]. The N-terminal TM domain of fish STING presents diversity; for example, grass carp STING has three TM structure domains [ 22 ], while grouper STING contains four TM domains [ 24 ], and the sc STING contains five TM domains [ 17 ]. The TM domains of STING in fishes may lead to different mechanisms from those of mammals due to their high degree of unconserved sequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total RNAs were extracted from MFF-1 cells, and cDNAs were synthesized using previously described methods [ 17 ]. The full-length cDNA sequence of sc DDX41 was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA-end (RACE) reactions using a SMARTer RACE cDNA Amplification Kit (Clontech, Tokyo, Japan) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction using the primers listed in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beads were washed four times with lysis buffer and eluted with an SDS loading buffer by boiling for 10 min. The transfected cells were harvested at 36 h post-transfection and lysed for WB assay as previously described [ 17 ]. Protein bands were visualized using a High-sig chemiluminescence Western blot substrate kit (Tanon, Shanghai, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve a better understanding of the antivirus immune responses, several IFN-related cytokines or effectors that exert crucial roles in viral replication have been identified [ 16 ]. Mandarin fish STING ( sc STING) displays critical antiviral activity against fish viruses to activate IFN-I immune response [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Interaction of Mandarin Fish DDX41 with STING Evokes type I Interferon Responses Inhibiting Ranavirus Replication

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et al. 2022

Viruses

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DDX41 is an intracellular DNA sensor that evokes type I interferon (IFN-I) production via the adaptor stimulator of interferon gene (STING), triggering innate immune responses against viral infection. However, the regulatory mechanism of the DDX41-STING pathway in teleost fish remains unclear. The mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a cultured freshwater fish species that is popular in China because of its high market value. With the development of a high-density cultural mode in mandarin fish, viral diseases have increased and seriously restricted the development of aquaculture, such as ranavirus and rhabdovirus. Herein, the role of mandarin fish DDX41 (scDDX41) and its DEAD and HELIC domains in the antiviral innate immune response were investigated. The level of scDDX41 expression was up-regulated following treatment with poly(dA:dT) or Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV), suggesting that scDDX41 might be involved in fish innate immunity. The overexpression of scDDX41 significantly increased the expression levels of IFN-I, ISGs, and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. Co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays showed that the DEAD domain of scDDX41 recognized the IFN stimulatory DNA and interacted with STING to activate IFN-I signaling pathway. Interestingly, the HELIC domain of scDDX41 could directly interact with the N-terminal of STING to induce the expression levels of IFN-I and ISGs genes. Furthermore, the scDDX41 could enhance the scSTING-induced IFN-I immune response and significantly inhibit MRV replication. Our work would be beneficial to understand the roles of teleost fish DDX41 in the antiviral innate immune response.

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