The roles of viruses in periodontal diseases

Azodo, CC; Erhabor, Paul

doi:10.4103/2348-2915.154650

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Pasien imunokompromis cenderung mengalami gejala yang lebih parah daripada individu yang imunokompeten. 13,14,15,16 Infeksi HSV-1 atau reaktivasi HSV-1 juga berhubungan dengan terjadinya febrile neutropenia dan tingginya tingkat bakteremia pada pasien dengan imunokompromis seperti pada kondisi anemia aplastik. 15,16,17 Anemia aplastik merupakan salah satu penyakit sistemik berupa kelainan hematologi yang ditandai dengan hipoplastik atau aplasia sumsum tulang dan pansitopenia.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Membran basal yang terbuka dan permukaan sel yang beregenerasi akibat hilangnya sel epitel yang rusak akibat virus diketahui menyediakan tempat baru untuk pengikatan bakteri. 7,13 Penatalaksanaan yang lakukan pada pasien ialah melakukan debridement dengan menggunakan H 2 O 2 1,5%, atau setengah dosis dari H 2 O 2 3% agar mengurangi resiko iritasi akibat proses oksidasi H 2 O 2 ke jaringan. Setelah penggunaan H 2 O 2 1,5%, selanjutnya dibilas menggunakan NaCl 0,9%.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

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Tatalaksana infeksi herpes simpleks virus tipe-1 dan necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis pada anak dengan anemia aplastikManagement of type-1 herpes simplex virus infection and necrotising ulcerative stomatitis in children with aplastic anaemia

Lefaan¹,

Hidayat

Nur’aeny

2022

J Ked Gi Unpad

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ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis (NUS) merupakan penyakit inflamasi pada rongga mulut, ditandai oleh ulser nekrosis akut, berkembang cepat serta menyebabkan kerusakan masif pada jaringan. NUS dapat berkembang dari kondisi necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) dan necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP). NUS dapat disertai infeksi lain, salah satunya infeksi herpes simplex tipe 1 (HSV-1). Infeksi HSV-1 dan NUS pada anak dengan anemia aplastik jarang ditemukan. Anemia aplastik merupakan kelainan hematologi, ditandai dengan hipoplastik/aplasia sumsum tulang dan pansitopenia, sehingga menurunkan resistensi host terhadap infeksi. Gingivostomatitis herpetik primer memudahkan perkembangan bakteri komensal seperti bakteri Fusiform, Spirochetes dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa menjadi patogen pada kondisi imunosupresif sehingga meningkatkan progresivitas penyakit periodontal menjadi NUS. Tujuan laporan kasus ini adalah menjelaskan tatalaksana infeksi HSV-1 dan NUS pada anak dengan anemia aplastik. Laporan kasus: Seorang anak perempuan usia 3 tahun dengan diagnosis anemia aplastik dan febrile neutropenia, dirujuk oleh divisi Hematologi-onkologi anak Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan sadikin (RSHS) Bandung dengan keluhan pembengkakan pada bibir dan stomatitis. Hasil pemeriksaan darah menunjukan adanya pansitopenia dan pemeriksaan anti HSV-1 IgG reaktif. Diagnosis terkait kondisi bibir dan mulut pasien adalah Infeksi HSV-1 dan NUS. Tatalaksana yang dilakukan adalah debridement dengan Hidrogen peroksida 1,5% (H2O2 1,5%), kontrol plak dengan chlorhexidine digluconate 0,12% dan multivitamin. Pembengkakan mulai membaik setelah 3 hari debridement serta memberikan hasil yang signifikan setelah 1 bulan perawatan. Simpulan: Tatalaksana berupa peningkatan oral hygiene dan terapi antiseptik dapat memperbaiki kondisi infeksi HSV-1 dan NUS, khususnya pada pasien dengan kondisi imunosupresif seperti anemia aplastik.Kata kunci: febrile neutropenia; stomatitis; herpes simpleks; anemia; spirochetes ABSTRACTIntroduction: Necrotising ulcerative stomatitis (NUS) is an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, characterised by acute necrotising ulcers, proliferating, and causing massive tissue damage. NUS can be developed from necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) and necrotising ulcerative periodontitis (NUP). NUS can be accompanied by other infections, such as herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) infection. However, HSV-1 and NUS infections in children with aplastic anaemia are rare. Aplastic anemia is a haematological disorder characterised by hypoplastic/bone marrow aplasia and pancytopenia, reducing the host's resistance to infection. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis facilitates the development of commensal bacteria such as Fusiform bacteria, Spirochetes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to become pathogens under immunosuppressive conditions, thereby increasing the progression of periodontal disease to NUS. This case report aims to describe the management of HSV-1 and NUS infections in children with aplastic anemia. Case report: A 3-year-old female child diagnosed with aplastic anaemia and febrile neutropenia was referred by the paediatric haematology-oncology division of Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS) Bandung with complaints of swelling of the lips and stomatitis. Blood test results showed pancytopenia and reactive anti-HSV-1 IgG examination. The diagnosis related to the patient's lips and mouth condition was HSV-1 and NUS infection. The treatment is debridement with 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 1.5%), plaque control with 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate and multivitamins. After three days of debridement, the swelling started to improve and gave significant results after one month of treatment. Conclusion: Management of improving oral hygiene and antiseptic therapy can improve the condition of HSV-1 and NUS infections, especially in patients with immunosuppressive conditions such as aplastic anemia.Keywords: febrile neutropenia; stomatitis; herpes simplex; anaemia; spirochetes

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Tatalaksana infeksi herpes simpleks virus tipe-1 dan necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis pada anak dengan anemia aplastikManagement of type-1 herpes simplex virus infection and necrotising ulcerative stomatitis in children with aplastic anaemia

Lefaan¹,

Hidayat

Nur’aeny

2022

J Ked Gi Unpad

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“…HBV, HCV and HIV infections have been reported as the most dangerous occupational hazard in the dental profession [7][8][9][10][11]. Awareness of the possible transmission routes of infection diseases in dental settings as well as clinical symptoms of infectious disease and histopathological data are crucial to avoid healthcare-associated transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of pathomorphological characteristics of the oral mucosa in patients with HBV, HCV and HIV

Azatyan

Yessayan

Khachatryan

et al. 2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Oral clinical manifestations in HBV HCV and HIV patients indicate a deterioration in general health status. The aim of the study was to assess pathomorphologic features of oral mucosa observed in patients with these diseases. Methodology: The study was conducted in N1 Dental Clinic of YSMU after M. Heratsi. The total number of patients taking part in the research was 120, including HBV (n = 40), HCV (n = 40) and HIV (n = 40). After biopsy and subsequent histological examination of the oral mucosa, statistical analysis was carried out using Excel 2013 and R software. Results: Pathomorphological examination revealed inflammatory infiltrations in all samples collected from HBV, HCV and HIV patients. These changes included microcirculatory disorders in 98.3% of samples: fibrinous-like deposits lining the surface of erosions and ulcers on the oral mucosa (1.67%), fibrosis of the mucous membrane (70%), dystrophy of squamous epithelium (93.3%) and bone sequestration (3.3%). Comparative analysis of pathomorphological characteristics revealed distinct content of infiltrates: lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in patients with HBV and HCV, while HIV patients showed neutrophils infiltration and lack of plasmocytes. Conclusions: There are common abnormal morphological changes in the oral mucosa typical of all patients with HBV, HCV and HIV, as well as liver diseases specific to each of them. Inflammation in the patients with HIV indicated impairment of the humoral immune system. Understanding the distinct characteristic of inflammation in the oral cavity could be useful for early differential diagnosis and management of patients with HIV, HBV and HCV.

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“…It affects about 30%–50% of adults, with 7%–15% suffering from its severity. [ 1 ] Periodontitis is a deregulated inflammatory response that results in damage of tooth-supporting tissues. Collagen fiber breakdown in periodontal ligament results in periodontal pocket formation between gingiva and tooth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of herpes virus in chronic periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abooj

Varma

2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

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Background: Unfavorable modifications of tooth and its surrounding structures result in periodontal complications. Viruses, in specific herpes virus, are known to increase disease severity in periodontal patients. Periodontitis is known to be more established in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patients. Hence, the detection of the viral load, its effect on the prevalence of periodontitis and the glycemic control status of patients are to be evidenced. The study aimed to reveal the association of herpes virus with periodontal parameters and its prevalence in DM2 patients. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study involved a total of 120 patients falling into three groups; Group I (healthy), Group II (periodontitis without DM2) and Group III (periodontitis with DM2) were subjected for sampling. Subgingival samples of periodontitis patients were tested for clinical parameters, and DNA extraction was performed. The presence of herpes virus (Epstein–Barr virus [EBV-1] and human Cytomegalovirus [HCMV]) was detected using multiplex polymerase chain reaction primers. Glycemic status of patients was recorded as glycosylated hemoglobin and scored accordingly. Chi-square test was performed to analyze the association between the categorical variables, and t -test/Mann–Whitney U-test/analysis of variance/Kruskal–Wallis test was used for continuous data. Results: Significant levels of EBV-1 were detected in Group III ( n = 21, 52.5%), followed by Group II ( n = 16, 40%) and Group I ( n = 2, 5%) ( P < 0.0001). HCMV was not detected. A significant association of EBV-1 to periodontal site-specific parameters was observed in Group II patients ( P < 0.05). EBV-1 was predominant with poor glycemic status patients. Conclusion: This study revealed that the incidence of herpes virus infection in periodontal patients was higher in diabetic patients and the examined patients were prone to EBV-1 infections.

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The roles of viruses in periodontal diseases

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Tatalaksana infeksi herpes simpleks virus tipe-1 dan necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis pada anak dengan anemia aplastik<p></p>Management of type-1 herpes simplex virus infection and necrotising ulcerative stomatitis in children with aplastic anaemia<p>

Tatalaksana infeksi herpes simpleks virus tipe-1 dan necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis pada anak dengan anemia aplastik<p></p>Management of type-1 herpes simplex virus infection and necrotising ulcerative stomatitis in children with aplastic anaemia<p>

Assessment of pathomorphological characteristics of the oral mucosa in patients with HBV, HCV and HIV

Prevalence of herpes virus in chronic periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

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