The Shroud of Turin

Warner, Mary

doi:10.1021/ac00177a002

“…Of course, the most common dating technique is carbon-14 dating, an example of the use of radiochemical methods and of the use of the accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) for dealing with very small samples. The breakthrough on sample size with AMS is well-known through the recent dating of the Shroud of Turin (20,21). A summary of the initial investigation by the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) is given in reference ( 12).…”

Section: Dating Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Art, archaeology, and analytical chemistry: A synthesis of the liberal arts

Beilby¹

1992

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“…Of course, the most common dating technique is carbon-14 dating, an example of the use of radiochemical methods and of the use of the accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) for dealing with very small samples. The breakthrough on sample size with AMS is well-known through the recent dating of the Shroud of Turin (20,21). A summary of the initial investigation by the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) is given in reference ( 12).…”

Section: Dating Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal recollections of Frank C. Whitmore by Charles D. Hurd

Traynham¹

1992

J. Chem. Educ.

0

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“…Scientific studies have been conducted on artwork for determining their production date and materials 1 2 3 4 5 6 , for quantitatively characterizing their style 7 8 9 , significance 10 , creativity 11 12 and even beauty 13 , and for preservation or maintenance purposes 14 15 16 17 18 19 . A wide range of measurement techniques have been used such as electromagnetic measurements 4 19 from X-rays 20 21 to infrared wavelengths 1 22 , Raman spectroscopy 4 23 24 25 , mass spectrometry 26 27 28 , image analysis 8 9 , rheology measurements 7 , and biochemistry assays 5 . Preservation techniques have recently used laser processing 17 29 , as well as innovative soft and nano-materials 15 30 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and historical relevance of a jetting thermometer made of Chinese zisha ceramic

Lee

¹

,

Attinger

²

2016

Sci Rep

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Following a recent trend of scientific studies on artwork, we study here the thermodynamics of a thermometer made of zisha ceramic, related to the Chinese tea culture. The thermometer represents a boy who “urinates” shortly after hot water is poured onto his head. Long jetting distance is said to indicate that the water temperature is hot enough to brew tea. Here, a thermodynamic model describes the jetting phenomenon of that pee-pee boy. The study demonstrates how thermal expansion of an interior air pocket causes jetting. A thermodynamic potential is shown to define maximum jetting velocity. Seven optimization criteria to maximize jetting distance are provided, including two dimensionless numbers. Predicted jetting distances, jet durations, and temperatures agree very well with infrared and optical measurements. Specifically, the study confirms that jetting distances are sensitive enough to measure water temperature in the context of tea brewing. Optimization results show that longer jets are produced by large individuals, with low body mass index, with a boyhood of medium size inclined at an angle π/4. The study ends by considering the possibility that ceramic jetting artifacts like the pee-pee boy might have been the first thermometers known to mankind, before Galileo Galilei’s thermoscope.

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The Shroud of Turin

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Art, archaeology, and analytical chemistry: A synthesis of the liberal arts

Art, archaeology, and analytical chemistry: A synthesis of the liberal arts

Personal recollections of Frank C. Whitmore by Charles D. Hurd

Thermodynamics and historical relevance of a jetting thermometer made of Chinese zisha ceramic

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