The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the dichloromethane extracts and constituents of Ferulago bracteata roots

Abstract

Context:Ferulago (Apiaceae) species have been used since ancient times for the treatment of intestinal worms, hemorrhoids, and as a tonic, digestive, aphrodisiac, or sedative, as well as in salads or as a spice due to their special odors.Objectives: This study reports the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of dichloromethane extract and bioactive compounds isolated from Ferulago bracteata Boiss. & Hausskn. roots.Materials and methods: The isolated compounds obtained from dichloromethane extract of Ferulago bracteata roots through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation process were evaluated for their in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities at 5000–400 µg/mL concentrations. Compound structures were elucidated by detailed analyses (NMR and MS).Results: A new coumarin, peucedanol-2′-benzoate (1), along with nine known ones, osthole (2), imperatorin (3), bergapten (4), prantschimgin (5), grandivitinol (6), suberosin (7), xanthotoxin (8), felamidin (9), umbelliferone (10), and a sterol mixture consisted of stigmasterol (11), β-sitosterol (12) was isolated from the roots of F. bracteata. Felamidin and suberosin showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 0.42 and 0.89 mg/mL, respectively) when compared to the reference standard acarbose (IC50 4.95 mg/mL). However, none of the tested extracts were found to be active on α-amylase inhibition.Discussion and conclusions: The present study demonstrated that among the compounds isolated from CH2Cl2 fraction of F. bracteata roots, coumarins were determined as the main chemical constituents of this fraction. This is the first report on isolation and characterization of the bioactive compounds from root extracts of F. bracteata and on their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Alpha-Amylase and Alpha-Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibition and Antioxidant Potential of 3-Oxolupenal and Katononic Acid Isolated from Nuxia oppositifolia

“…However, the inhibitory potential of katononic acid differed significantly compared to 3-oxolupenal, and this may have been due to the poor solubility of triterpenoids in the reaction solutions, which is consistent with previous findings [40]. As for α-amylase, many studies of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of plant extracts have linked the effect to their terpenoid content [41]. The final step of carbohydrate hydrolysis to produce absorbable monosaccharide is mediated by the α-glucosidases enzymes in epithelium tissue of the small intestine.…”

In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity Affecting Glucose Uptake in HepG2 Cells Following Their Exposure to Extracts of Lauridia tetragona (L.f.) R.H. Archer

“…The inhibitory activities of the compounds isolated against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were investigated in comparison with acarbose. The inhibitory activities observed in this study are consistent with recent reports on the inhibitory activities of polyphenolic compounds against α-amylase and α-glucosidase [5,17,21,23,24]. Although all the fractions showed mild inhibition against these enzymes, only PP4 and PP6 showed better activities which was evident by their IC 50 values.…”

Antidiabetic properties of dietary phenolic compounds: Inhibition effects on α‐amylase, aldose reductase, and α‐glycosidase

“…Karakaya et al. found along with nine known coumarin, imperatorin, osthole, prantschimgin, bergapten, grandivitinol, suberosin, xanthotoxin, umbelliferone, felamidin, and a new coumarin, peucedanol‐2'‐benzoate, and a sterol mixture consisted of β‐sitosterol, stigmasterol, were isolated from the roots of Ferulago bracteata . Suberosin and felamidin exhibited significant α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity.…”