Theoretical Analysis of Configurable RO PUFs and Strategies to Enhance Security

IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology

Wang

et al. 2022

Self Cite

A resistive random access memory (RRAM) as an emerging nanoelectronic device, is widely used for memory and physical unclonable function (PUF) applications. The compatibility of RRAM PUFs with memory architectures can be exploited to reduce the hardware overhead. Therefore, an intrinsic PUF using dynamic variations of resistive crossbar arrays is presented in this paper. Based on an improved sense amplifier (SA), the proposed intrinsic RRAM PUF can be fully configured as a memory cell or a PUF cell, leading to a minimal design overhead. Using the device-to-device (D2D) variation of an RRAM, a significant number of challenge-response pairs (CRPs) is generated with a flexible configuration of the resistive crossbar arrays. The proposed RRAM PUF can be refreshed to a new instance relying on the cycle-to-cycle (C2C) variation of an RRAM. An efficient challenge generation method is presented to improve the security of the proposed RRAM PUF. To verify the performance of the proposed RRAM PUF, 20 instances are simulated and implemented using a compact Spice model and a UMC 65nm CMOS process technology, respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed RRAM PUF exhibits good performances with a high uniqueness, reliability, and reconfigurability. The randomness of the PUF is evaluated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and autocorrelation function (ACF) tests. Moreover, the experimental results show that the proposed RRAM PUF achieves a good resistance against machine learning (ML) attacks.

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fully Configurable PUF Using Dynamic Variations of Resistive Crossbar Arrays

IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology

Wang

et al. 2022

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“…As a lightweight hardware security primitive, the physical unclonable function (PUF) has been used for authentication and identification [2]. A PUF can extract the random manufacturing process variations of an integrated circuit (IC) as identifier [3]. In principle, any two chips cannot generate the same response with the same input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Physical Unclonable Function Using a Configurable Tristate Hybrid Scheme With Non-Volatile Memory

IEEE Open J. Nanotechnol.

et al. 2021

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The physical unclonable function (PUF) is a promising low-cost hardware security primitive. Recent advances in nanotechnology have provided new opportunities for nanoscale PUF circuits. The resistive random access memory (RRAM) is extensively used in nanoscale circuits due to its low cost, non-volatility and easy integration with CMOS. This paper proposes a novel tristate hybrid PUF (TH-PUF) design based on a one-transistor-one-RRAM (1T1R) cell; this cell can be configured into two weak PUFs and a strong PUF using few control signals. To assess the proposed PUF design, a compact RRAM model at UMC 65nm technology is employed. Simulation results show that the proposed TH-PUF achieves good uniqueness, reliability as well as a higher gate usability compared with an entire CMOS PUFs. The number of challenge response pairs (CRPs) of the proposed TH-PUF is larger than other RRAM-based PUFs. Moreover, the TH-PUF is more resistant to a modeling machine learning attack than traditional PUF designs.

“…The number of CRPs in a strong PUF increases exponentially, while the number of CRPs in a weak PUF is small, e.g., only one in most cases. Strong PUFs are normally utilized for device authentications [3], [4], and weak PUFs are commonly used for key generation [5], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically Configurable Physical Unclonable Function based on RRAM Crossbar

Jiang

2021 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Nanoscale Architectures (NANOARCH)

et al. 2021

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Physical unclonable function (PUF) has been an effective solution for hardware security with the popularity of the internet of things (IoT). Due to low power consumption and high area efficiency, an emerging nonvolatile memory, resistive random access memory (RRAM) based PUF designs have attracted many attentions. Due to the bottleneck in the existing RRAM PUFs that it can not be fully compatible with the memory architecture, a dynamically configurable PUF based on the mainstream RRAM crossbar is proposed in this paper. Utilizing the device-to-device variation of the RRAM resistance, abundant challenge-response pairs (CRPs) are generated with a flexible configuration of an RRAM crossbar. Furthermore, different from the existing RRAM-based PUF designs, the proposed RRAM PUF can be dynamically configured between a memory cell and a PUF cell, without requiring additional sense circuits, leading to a minimal design overhead. The simulation results show that the proposed PUF exhibits good performance with a high uniqueness and reliability. Moreover, it achieves a great resistance against machine learning (ML) attack.