Time course of changes in serum oxidant/antioxidant status in overfed obese rats and their offspring

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the time course of changes in oxidant/antioxidant status, as well as serum glucose, insulin, leptin and lipid levels, liver adipose tissue and muscle lipid and protein contents, in cafeteria-diet-fed dams during gestation and lactation, and in their offspring throughout adulthood. Food intake was also evaluated. The cafeteria diet induced a significant increase in maternal body and relative adipose tissue weights, daily energy intake, and plasma glucose, insulin, leptin and lipid levels at parturition (day 0) and at the end of lactation (day 21). Plasma total antioxidant status [ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity)], erythrocyte catalase and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activities were lower, whereas plasma hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels were higher in cafeteria-diet-fed mothers compared with control mothers at days 0 and 21. Pups from cafeteria-diet-fed dams, both males and females, also had consistently higher body and relative adipose tissue weights, and plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, triacylglycerol (triglyceride) and cholesterol levels at birth (day 0), weaning (day 21) and 3 months of age (day 90). These offspring had significantly lower ORAC and catalase activity, and higher plasma hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels and SOD activity at birth, at days 21 and 90 compared with control offspring. In conclusion, excessive maternal fat and energy intake can play an important role in the development of metabolic disorders in the offspring. Maternal oxidative stress may be among the responsible factors. Fetal oxidative stress may present an additional confounding influence and probably contributes to additional disorders, aggravating features of the metabolic syndrome. An improvement in maternal oxidant/antioxidant status during pregnancy and lactation, with adequate nutrition, could have beneficial effects on the progeny.

Erken ve Geç Laktasyon Periyodunun Keçilerde Plazma Oksidan/Antioksidan Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkileri

“…In the study evaluated the role of diet during pregnancy and lactation in rats in the induction of metabolic abnormalities, especially an oxidant/antioxidant imbalance was found that level of total antioxidant capacity and levels of antioxidant component increased following days in lactation period. In addition, it strongly has suggested that maternal fat and energy intake condition during lactation can play an important role in the development of metabolic disorders observed in their offspring, and that maternal oxidative stress can be singled out as the factor involved 43 .…”

Effect of vitamin E and selenium supplementation on oxidative stress indices and cortisol level in blood in water buffaloes during pregnancy and early postpartum period

“…The role of vitamin E and Se supplementation in maintenance of health and fertility in dairy cows has been widely investigated, although results are conflicting and still remain inconclusive. In a recent study in rats, it was observed that an improvement in maternal oxidant/ antioxidant status during pregnancy and lactation could have beneficial effects on the progeny (Bouanane et al 2009). Comparatively, less research work has been done to explore the role of oxidative stress and effects of antioxidant supplementation during pregnancy and early post partem period in water buffaloes.…”

Impact of Maternal Over-nutrition during Pregnancy on Maternal Oxidative Stress and Fetal Skeletal/Visceral Anomalies of the Rats

“…Keesey and Hirvonen [14] suggest that the lack of weight gain could be explained by hypothalamic mechanisms, which establishes a set point that body weight and fat mass are regulated through coordinated adjustment to both energy intake and expenditure. On the other hand, studies show female Wistar rats exposed to high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation presented an increased maternal body weight at parturition and at the end of lactation, showing that the hypercaloric diet resulted in an increased energy intake confirmed by an increased body fat and prevented body weight loss in lactating rats [15].…”