Tourism and the Environment: Issues of Concern and Sustainability of Southern Part of the Caspian Sea Coastal Areas

Abstract

<p>Caspian Sea coastlines in Iran have been opened to tourists for ‘sun-sea-sand’ holiday purpose and have created dynamic ecological sources for many economic activities in the region. However, these coastal areas have been exposed to critical situation of losing their attractiveness due to lack of balance between tourism activities and natural environment operations. Development of sustainable tourism can be a suitable way to solve the problem. Accordingly, having public awareness about existing unfavorable environmental consequences of tourism activities in the region is the first step toward sustainability in the area. As such, the need for further contribution to and reflection of adverse environmental impacts which have been partially derived from tourism activities seems to be considered. Consequently, this paper explores negative environmental impacts of tourism in Caspian Sea Coasts in Iran. The study, subsequently, evaluates the existed regulations and policies regarding the issues in southern part of Caspian Sea coastal areas.</p

Kajian Perilaku Masyarakat Pesisir yang Mengakibatkan Kerusakan Lingkungan (Studi Kasus di Pantai Kuwaru, Desa Poncosari, Kecamatan Srandakan, Kabupaten Bantul, Provinsi DIY)

“…Pariwisata hanya berprioritas pada keuntungan secara ekonomi bukan lingkungan sehingga perlu ada pembinaan terhadap masyarakat lokal tentang bagaimana mengelola wisata agar berkelanjutan terhadap lingkungan (Walpole & Goodwin, 2001;Zahedi, 2008). Ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pariwisata dan lingkungan saling terkait karena melibatkan banyak aktivitas wisata yang akan berdampak pada lingkungan, ekonomi, fisik, dan sosial (Shafei & Mohamed, 2012;Rabbany, Afrin, Rahman, Islam, & Hoque, 2013). Kurangnya pengelolaan wilayah pesisir, penggunaan sumber daya yang tidak tepat, kurangnya standar lingkungan, dan kurangnya keseimbangan antara aktivitas wisata dengan ruang fisik menyebabkan kerusakan wilayah pesisir akibat aktivitas wisata semakin parah (Shafei & Mohamed, 2012).…”

“…Ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pariwisata dan lingkungan saling terkait karena melibatkan banyak aktivitas wisata yang akan berdampak pada lingkungan, ekonomi, fisik, dan sosial (Shafei & Mohamed, 2012;Rabbany, Afrin, Rahman, Islam, & Hoque, 2013). Kurangnya pengelolaan wilayah pesisir, penggunaan sumber daya yang tidak tepat, kurangnya standar lingkungan, dan kurangnya keseimbangan antara aktivitas wisata dengan ruang fisik menyebabkan kerusakan wilayah pesisir akibat aktivitas wisata semakin parah (Shafei & Mohamed, 2012). Hal ini akan berdampak pada kondisi perekonomian masyarakat yang menggantungkan pada sumber daya pesisir serta keberlanjutan wilayah pesisir.…”

Tourism Density Effect on Environmental Performance Index: Evidence in ASEAN Countries

“…Due to the economic benefit of tourism, people may take for granted the negative impacts; nevertheless, according to Mola et al [3], the negative effects of excessive tourism on the ecosystems and human health have been recognized by many scholars and have become issues of concern. The main concern by society at large is the environmental stress due to the degradation of the ecosystem and natural resources.…”

Blue Economy and Coastal Tourism: A Comprehensive Visualization Bibliometric Analysis

“…Aside from the positive aspects of coastal tourism, such as its enormous significance and effect on the global economy, there are some negative consequences of coastal tourism, especially in terms of the environment [17]. The main negative impacts of coastal tourism on the coastal area ecosystem are water pollution, beach and shoreline erosion, abuse and destruction of coral reefs, habitat destruction, extinction of certain threatened species, destruction of flora and fauna, increased plastic wastes, increased pressure on different energy resources, and physical and economic displacement of local communities [15,18,19].…”

“…It has been reported that the most important reasons that create these negative effects are the constant pressures on limited marine resources by various tourism activities, the expansion of urban development processes in coastal areas, and the permanent and contin-uous conflict between the priorities of development in coastal areas between the tourism sector and other economic sectors [15,[17][18][19][20].…”