Toxicity and Metabolism of Layered Double Hydroxide Intercalated with Levodopa in a Parkinson’s Disease Model

Kura, Aminu Umar; Ain, Nooraini Mohd; Hussein, Mohd Zobir; Fakurazi, Sharida; Hussein‐Al‐Ali, Samer Hasan

doi:10.3390/ijms15045916

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The authors attributed the potential toxicity of LD to the decreased antioxidant capacity in the limited environment of the cell culture that makes the neurons more susceptible to LD. In another related work, conducted by Kura et al [31], viability of PC12 cells was found to decrease with increasing concentration of LD after 72 h, as determined by MTT assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

Tan¹,

Foo²,

Fakurazi³

et al. 2015

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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SummaryThis work explores the potential use of commercially obtained, carboxylated, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT–COOH) as nanocarriers for the antiparkinson drug, levodopa (LD). The resulting nanohybrid was characterized using materials characterization methods including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that SWCNT–COOH were able to form supramolecular complexes with LD via a π–π stacking interaction and exhibited favourable, slow, sustained-release characteristics as a drug carrier with a release period over more than 20 h. The results obtained from the drug release studies of LD at different pH values showed that the LD-loaded nanohybrid is pH activated. The release kinetics of LD from SWCNT–COOH were well-described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. A cytotoxicity assay of the synthesized nanohybrid was also carried out in PC12 cell lines (a widely used, in vitro Parkinson’s model for neurotoxicity studies) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in order to investigate their possible effects on normal neuronal cells in vitro. It was found that the synthesized nanohybrid did not compromise the cell viability and the PC12 cells remained stable throughout the experiments up to 72 h after treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

Tan¹,

Foo²,

Fakurazi³

et al. 2015

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…The presence of an amine and a carboxyl group within the molecule in proximity allows L-DOPA to exist in different ionic structures depending on the pH ( Figure 6 ). L-DOPA below pH 2.2 is fully protonated and exists as a +1 cation; whereas above pH 8.8, one hydroxyl group deprotonates to form a net charge of −1; and from pH 2.2–8.8, it exists as a zwitterionic structure in the neutral state [ 58 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization and Drug Loading of Multiresponsive p[NIPAm-co-PEGMA] (core)/p[NIPAm-co-AAc] (Shell) Nanogels with Monodisperse Size Distributions

et al. 2018

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We report the synthesis and properties of temperature- and pH-responsive p([NIPAm-co-PEGMA] (core)/[NIPAm-co-AAc] (shell)) nanogels with narrow size distributions, tunable sizes and increased drug loading efficiencies. The core-shell nanogels were synthesized using an optimized two-stage seeded polymerization methodology. The core-shell nanogels show a narrow size distribution and controllable physico-chemical properties. The hydrodynamic sizes, charge distributions, temperature-induced volume phase transition behaviors, pH-responsive behaviors and drug loading capabilities of the core-shell nanogels were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential measurements, dynamic light scattering and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The size of the core-shell nanogels was controlled by polymerizing NIPAm with crosslinker poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) of different molecular weights (Mn-200, 400, 550 and 750 g/mol) during the core synthesis. It was found that the swelling/deswelling kinetics of the nanogels was sharp and reversible; with its volume phase transition temperature in the range of 40–42 °C. Furthermore, the nanogels loaded with l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), using a modified breathing-in mechanism, showed high loading and encapsulation efficiencies, providing potential possibilities of such nanogels for biomedical applications.

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“…In addition, these nanoparticles were also demonstrated to efficiently deliver biological molecules [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Recently, hybrid nanocomposites showed the advantages of several nanoparticles in a single drug formulation with good flexibility to enhance properties such as drug dissolution [ 41 ], bioavailability [ 42 , 43 ], physical stability [ 44 ], and in vivo imaging [ 45 , 46 ]. Naked forms of LDH are not suitable for imaging due to their biodegradability in acidic pH, which leads to leaching and precipitation of the loading dyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Coated Near-Infrared (NIR) Layered Double Hydroxide-Indocyanine Green Nanocomposites for Potential Applications in Photodynamic Therapy

Wei

Kuthati

Kankala

et al. 2015

IJMS

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We designed a study for photodynamic therapy (PDT) using chitosan coated Mg–Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles as the delivery system. A Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye, indocyanine green (ICG) with photoactive properties was intercalated into amine modified LDH interlayers by ion-exchange. The efficient positively charged polymer (chitosan (CS)) coating was achieved by the cross linkage using surface amine groups modified on the LDH nanoparticle surface with glutaraldehyde as a spacer. The unique hybridization of organic-inorganic nanocomposites rendered more effective and successful photodynamic therapy due to the photosensitizer stabilization in the interlayer of LDH, which prevents the leaching and metabolization of the photosensitizer in the physiological conditions. The results indicated that the polymer coating and the number of polymer coats have a significant impact on the photo-toxicity of the nano-composites. The double layer chitosan coated LDH–NH2–ICG nanoparticles exhibited enhanced photo therapeutic effect compared with uncoated LDH–NH2–ICG and single layer chitosan-coated LDH–NH2–ICG due to the enhanced protection to photosensitizers against photo and thermal degradations. This new class of organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites can potentially serve as a platform for future non-invasive cancer diagnosis and therapy.

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Toxicity and Metabolism of Layered Double Hydroxide Intercalated with Levodopa in a Parkinson’s Disease Model

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

Synthesis, Characterization and Drug Loading of Multiresponsive p[NIPAm-co-PEGMA] (core)/p[NIPAm-co-AAc] (Shell) Nanogels with Monodisperse Size Distributions

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Coated Near-Infrared (NIR) Layered Double Hydroxide-Indocyanine Green Nanocomposites for Potential Applications in Photodynamic Therapy

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