Transformation of Several Plastic Wastes into Fuels by Catalytic Cracking

Arandes, José M.; Abajo, Iñaki; López-Valerio, § Danilo; Fernández, Inmaculada; Azkoiti, Miren J.; Olazar, Martı́n; Bilbao, Javier

doi:10.1021/ie970096e

Cited by 106 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…According to this idea, a new reaction system denoted as spouted bed or riser simulator was proposed that allows for reproducing the conditions existing in an actual FCC unit [83][84][85]. The feed is usually a blend of 5-10 wt% plastic (PE, PP, PS) in an oil such as light cycle oil (LCO), vacuum gas oil (VGO) or even pure benzene.…”

Section: Spouted-bed Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of cofeeding plastic wastes with petroleum cuts such as vacuum gas oil (VGO) [110], Arabian light petroleum residues [111], light cycle oil [84], lube oils [88] or even raw chemicals such as benzene [85] has been widely investigated in the literature. The underlying aim is to reduce the high viscosity of the molten plastics.…”

Section: Petroleum Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arandes et al [84] studied the catalytic degradation of several plastics (polypropylene, polystyrene, polystyrene-polybutadiene) dissolved in a light cycle oil (LCO) in a riser simulator of a FCC unit using both a fresh and an equilibrated FCC catalysts. Similarly, De la Puente [85,112] studied the catalytic degradation of styrene-based polymers dissolved in benzene streams in the same riser simulator.…”

Section: Petroleum Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic Wastes

Aguado

Serrano

Escola

2006

Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics

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Section: Spouted-bed Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Petroleum Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Petroleum Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic Wastes

Aguado

Serrano

Escola

2006

Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics

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“…The Riser Simulator is a novel bench scale, invented by de Lasa (1992). This unit overcomes the technical problems of the standard micro-activity test (MAT) and is becoming a most valuable experimental tool for testing and developing new FCC catalysts (Arandes et al, 2000;Arandes et al, 1997;Bidabehere and Sedran, 2000;Sedran, 1994). …”

Section: -Reaction Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion and catalytic cracking of 1,3,5 tri-iso-propyl-benzene in FCC catalysts

Al-Khattaf

Atias

Jarosch

et al. 2002

Chemical Engineering Science

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The present study describes catalytic cracking experiments developed in a novel CREC Riser Simulator using 1,3,5-Tri-iso-propyl-benzene and two FCC catalysts with different crystal sizes (0.4-μm and 0.9-μm diameter). The experiments are modeled using an unsteady state model for both gas and catalyst phases. It is found that a quasi-steady state approximation can be used for the catalyst and changes in the gas phase can be accounted, under the allowed model simplifications, with a relatively simple unsteady state equation. The model is completed using two catalytic decay models, with one of them involving a decay function based on "reactant converted". Experimental and modeling observations point towards an overall cracking reaction rate controlled by diffusion at 350°C -450°C with this rate shifting to one being controlled by the intrinsic cracking reaction at 500°C -550°C.(*) Author to whom correspondence may be addressed 2 1-IntroductionThe oil refining industry has experienced in recent years, a dramatic increase in the price and availability of crude oil. In this respect, new catalyst technology is needed to process heavier feedstocks and to produce more environmentally friendly products.The currently available 60-μm commercial FCC catalysts are manufactured with 1-2-μm Y-zeolite crystals dispersed in an amorphous silicaalumina matrix . The majority of the active sites are located within the zeolite pore structure. In order for the reaction to proceed, molecules have to diffuse through the large matrix pores into the zeolite crystals.As a result, only certain hydrocarbon species with a kinetic diameter smaller than 10.2 Å can penetrate the zeolite pores (Leiby, 1992). Hence the relationship between catalytic cracking reaction and diffusional processes can determine the extent of cracking and greatly influence the product selectivity. Such phenomena are complex and theoretical models to describe such systems are needed (Bidabehere and Sedran, 2000).Diffusion in catalysts belongs in many cases to the Knudsen regime.However, diffusion in zeolites falls more in a so-called "configurational regime", since the size of the hydrocarbon molecule is nearly the size of the zeolite inner channels (Karger and Ruthven, 1992; Gates et al,1979). As a result, diffusion of the hydrocarbon molecules is governed by an almost continuous interaction between the zeolite crystal and the diffusing molecules (Karger and Ruthven,1992;Gates et al,1979). In addition, there may be compounded effects 3 with larger hydrocarbon molecules hindering the diffusion of smaller molecules.As a result, lighter product molecules may be trapped or delayed in a zeolite pore network already filled with sorbed heavier molecules (Gates et al, 1979). The 1,3,5-TIPB is a relatively bulky molecule with a critical molecular diameter of about 9.5 Å (Bhatai, 1991). Due to its large size, it has been used to simulate the diffusional constrains expected in the catalytic cracking of gas oil (Aguiar et al, 1995). For instance, the cracking of 1,3,5-TIPB ...

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“…These way waste plastics could be regarded as a cheap source of material. Because pure thermal degradation demands relatively high temperatures and its products require further processing for their quality to be upgraded, catalytic degradation of plastic waste offers considerable advantages [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover of Cylinder Lattice Plastic Convert into Fuel

Sarker¹,

Rashid²

2013

ILCPA

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Waste plastic of cylinder lattice to liquid fuel production process was performing two step processes. 1 st step process was perform muffle furnace with ceramic crucible and 2 nd step process was perform glass reactor with condensation unit. Thermal degradation process was performing with furnace and temperature was 410 ºC and reactor temperature was 420 ºC. Muffle furnace was use for solid hard shape of plastic melting purpose and glass reactor was use for liquid slurry to produce vapor purpose. Liquid slurry to produce vapor was condensed and collected liquid fuel and fuel density is 0.75 g/ml. Liquid fuel production conversation rate was 71.05 %. Fuel was analysis by GC/MS and carbon chains obtain C 3 to C 23 from GC/MS chromatogram. Fuel color is light yellow and fuel is ignited.

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Transformation of Several Plastic Wastes into Fuels by Catalytic Cracking

Cited by 106 publications

References 15 publications

Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic Wastes

Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic Wastes

Diffusion and catalytic cracking of 1,3,5 tri-iso-propyl-benzene in FCC catalysts

Cover of Cylinder Lattice Plastic Convert into Fuel

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