Transient expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by neurons of the submucous plexus of the mouse small intestine

Young, Heather M.; Ciampoli, D.

doi:10.1007/s004410051009

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This percentage is similar to previously determinations (26±2%) in a study in which neuron-specific enolase was used to label all neurons (Sang and Young 1996) and 32± 1% with PGP 9.5 as the pan-neuronal marker (Young and Ciampoli 1998). Terminals were found in the tertiary plexus, circular muscle, and myenteric ganglia, indicating that NOS occurs in motor neurons to the longitudinal muscle and circular muscle and in interneurons.…”

Section: Type II Neuronssupporting

confidence: 89%

Immunohistochemical analysis of neuron types in the mouse small intestine

et al. 2008

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The definition of the nerve cell types of the myenteric plexus of the mouse small intestine has become important, as more researchers turn to the use of mice with genetic mutations to analyze roles of specific genes and their products in enteric nervous system function and to investigate animal models of disease. We have used a suite of antibodies to define neurons by their shapes, sizes, and neurochemistry in the myenteric plexus. Anti-Hu antibodies were used to reveal all nerve cells, and the major subpopulations were defined in relation to the Hu-positive neurons. Morphological Type II neurons, revealed by anti-neurofilament and anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies, represented 26% of neurons. The axons of the Type II neurons projected through the circular muscle and submucosa to the mucosa. The cell bodies were immunoreactive for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and their terminals were immunoreactive for vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) occurred in 29% of nerve cells. Most were also immunoreactive for vasoactive intestinal peptide, but they were not tachykinin (TK)-immunoreactive, and only 10% were ChAT-immunoreactive. Numerous NOS terminals occurred in the circular muscle. We deduced that 90% of NOS neurons were inhibitory motor neurons to the muscle (26% of all neurons) and 10% (3% of all neurons) were interneurons. Calretinin immunoreactivity was found in a high proportion of neurons (52%). Many of these had TK immunoreactivity. Small calretinin neurons were identified as excitatory neurons to the longitudinal muscle (about 20% of neurons, with ChAT/calretinin/+/- TK chemical coding). Excitatory neurons to the circular muscle (about 10% of neurons) had the same coding. Calretinin immunoreactivity also occurred in a proportion of Type II neurons. Thus, over 90% of neurons in the myenteric plexus of the mouse small intestine can be currently identified by their neurochemistry and shape.

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Section: Type II Neuronssupporting

confidence: 89%

Immunohistochemical analysis of neuron types in the mouse small intestine

et al. 2008

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“…3E), whereas cholinergic neurons cannot be detected until around birth (Branchek and Gershon, 1989;Young et al, 1998b), and it is likely that different types of enteric neurons are generated in response to signals that change over time. As in other parts of the nervous system (Bredt and Snyder, 1994;Ward et al, 1994), nitric oxide synthase is transiently expressed by some enteric neurons during development (Young and Ciampoli, 1998).…”

Section: Formation Of Ganglia and Differentiation Of Enteric Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric neural crest-derived cells: Origin, identification, migration, and differentiation

2001

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“…One study reports neurons immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; Pham et al 1991), whereas a later study indicates that they are not present (De Jonge et al 2003a). A small proportion of submucosal neurons is nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-immunoreactive (Young and Ciampoli 1998). Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), rather surprisingly, is a marker of submucosal neurons in the mouse (Li et al 2004) but where these neurons project or how they relate to the other populations is not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of neuron types in the submucosal ganglia of the mouse ileum

et al. 2009

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The continuing and even expanding use of genetically modified mice to investigate the normal physiology and development of the enteric nervous system and for the study of pathophysiology in mouse models emphasises the need to identify all the neuron types and their functional roles in mice. An investigation that chemically and morphologically defined all the major neuron types with cell bodies in myenteric ganglia of the mouse small intestine was recently completed. The present study was aimed at the submucosal ganglia, with the purpose of similarly identifying the major neuron types with cell bodies in these ganglia. We found that the submucosal neurons could be divided into three major groups: neurons with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) immunoreactivity (51% of neurons), neurons with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity (41% of neurons) and neurons that expressed neither of these markers. Most VIP neurons contained neuropeptide Y (NPY) and about 40% were immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH); 22% of all submucosal neurons were TH/VIP. VIP-immunoreactive nerve terminals in the mucosa were weakly immunoreactive for TH but separate populations of TH- and VIP-immunoreactive axons innervated the arterioles in the submucosa. Of the ChAT neurons, about half were immunoreactive for both somatostatin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Calretinin immunoreactivity occurred in over 90% of neurons, including the VIP neurons. The submucosal ganglia and submucosal arterioles were innervated by sympathetic noradrenergic neurons that were immunoreactive for TH and NPY; no VIP and few calretinin fibres innervated submucosal neurons. We conclude that the submucosal ganglia contain cell bodies of VIP/NPY/TH/calretinin non-cholinergic secretomotor neurons, VIP/NPY/calretinin vasodilator neurons, ChAT/CGRP/somatostatin/calretinin cholinergic secretomotor neurons and small populations of cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons whose targets have yet to be identified. No evidence for the presence of type-II putative intrinsic primary afferent neurons was found.

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Transient expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by neurons of the submucous plexus of the mouse small intestine

Cited by 57 publications

References 39 publications

Immunohistochemical analysis of neuron types in the mouse small intestine

Immunohistochemical analysis of neuron types in the mouse small intestine

Enteric neural crest-derived cells: Origin, identification, migration, and differentiation

Identification of neuron types in the submucosal ganglia of the mouse ileum

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