Transport studies of thermoplastic polyurethane/natural rubber (TPU/NR) blends

Minnath, Mehar A.; Unnikrishnan, G.; Purushothaman, E.

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2011.06.006

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the research conducted by Minnath et al (2011), the increasing of CRI is proportional to the decreasing of vulcanization reaction time. This is because the EV system has 2.5 phr ratio accelerator to sulphur, which contains at least 0.8 phr sulphur and more accelerator.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Curing Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends

Mayasari¹,

Yuniari²

2016

MKKP

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EPDM (Ethylene propylene diene monomer) is one of synthetic rubber that widely used in automotive. It must be vulcanized and added by other materials before used. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vulcanization system and the addition of carbon black (CB) to the mechanical properties and swelling characteristic of EPDM. This research used three vulcanization system: conventional vulcanization (CV), efficient vulcanization (EV), and semi-efficient vulcanization (SEV) with the variation of carbon black 50, 60, and 70 phr (per hundred resin). This research showed that EV system resulted faster vulcanization time and lower delta torque than SEV and CV systems. This system also performed the highest tensile strength, elongation, and tear strength, while SEV system resulted the highest hardness. Furthermore, the conventional vulcanization system resulted the lowest swelling index.

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Section: Results and Discussion Curing Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends

Mayasari¹,

Yuniari²

2016

MKKP

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“…The higher CRI value makes the reaction faster (Al Minnath et al, 2011). MACO (1:0) gives a similar CRI value compared to DOP.…”

Section: Cure Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Blends of nitrile butadiene rubber/poly (vinyl chloride): The use of maleated anhydride castor oil based plasticizer

Dewi¹,

Indrajati²,

Setyorini³

2016

MKKP

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Recently, much attention has been focused on research to replace petroleum-based plasticizers, with biodegradable materials, such as biopolymer which offers competitive mechanical properties. In this study, castor oil was modified with maleic anhydride (MAH) to produce bioplasticizer named maleated anhydride castor oil (MACO), and used in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/poly vinyl chloride (PVC) blend. The effect of MACO on its cure characteristics and mechanical properties of NBR/PVC blend has been determined. The reactions were carried out at different castor oil (CO)/xylene ratios, i.e. 1:0 and 1:1 by weight, and fixed CO/MAH ratio, 1:3 by mole. DOP, CO, and MACO were added into each NBR/PVC blend according to the formula. It was found that the viscosity and safe process level of NBR/PVC blend is similar from all plasticizer, however, MACO (1:0) showed the highest cure rate index (CRI). MACO-based plasticizer gave a higher value of the mechanical properties of the NBR/PVC blend as compared to DOP based plasticizer. MACO (1:1) based plasticizer showed a rather significance performance compared to another type of plasticizers both before and after aging. The value of hardness, elongation at break, tensile strength, and tear strength were 96 Shore A, 155.91 %, 19.15 MPa, and 74.47 MPa, respectively. From this result, NBR/PVC blends based on MACO plasticizer can potentially replace the DOP, and therefore, making the rubber blends eco-friendly.

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“…This might be due to the solubility issues (finding a common solvent for the two polymers) rather than conceptualizing new chemical schemes. The solubility parameter of chitosan is 41 J 1/2 cm 3/2 (calculated from Group Contribution Method GCM) [23] and is far greater than that of natural rubber [15] i.e., 16.2 J 1/2 cm 3/2 . Such a large magnitude in the case of chitosan is due to the extensive intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the solid state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The shortcomings of NR can be eliminated to a good degree by suitable grafting with chitosan, a rigid, semicrystalline polymer with a very high glass transition. Earlier, blends of NR with various natural biodegradable polymers such as starch, cellulose, poly(hydroxyalkanoate), poly(caprolactone), collagen, poly(lactide), poly(hydroxybutyrate) and synthetic biodegradable polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) and polyurethane have been reported [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Lertwattaneswari et al have reported the synthesis of bionanocomposite of natural rubber with chitosan via physical mixing and their results confirmed enhancement in surface roughness, stiffness and tensile strength [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A new route to polymeric materials derived from chitosan and natural rubber

Venkatanarasimhan

Dhamodharan

2015

Polym. Bull.

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In this work, the synthesis and characterization of a new polymer, natural rubber-g-chitosan, from biopolymers available in nature is reported. In this process, soft and amorphous natural rubber (NR) is converted into a relatively more dimensionally stable new polymer (glass transition temperature changes from -68 to ?94.5°C), with versatile solubility in a variety of common organic solvents. For this purpose, mild epoxidation of NR is carried out to provide a reactive handle for the grafting of chitosan. Thus, chitosan-grafted natural rubber with different chitosan loading have been synthesized and characterized. The characterization of the new polymers revealed that the grafting process resulted in enhanced glass transition temperature in comparison to NR, remarkable improvement in thermal stability in comparison to NR and chitosan and the much needed solubility for the chitosan component, which is otherwise insoluble in common organic solvents. The NR-gchitosan is fully amorphous in the solid state, similar to NR. These value-added characteristics promise the utility and processability of the newly synthesized materials in adhesives, packaging industries and in many other areas where natural rubber and chitosan are vitally employed.

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Transport studies of thermoplastic polyurethane/natural rubber (TPU/NR) blends

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends

Effect of vulcanization system and carbon black on mechanical and swelling properties of EPDM blends

Blends of nitrile butadiene rubber/poly (vinyl chloride): The use of maleated anhydride castor oil based plasticizer

A new route to polymeric materials derived from chitosan and natural rubber

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