Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) can be defined as a syndromic condition of ischemic acute abdomen triggered by vascular insufficiency, leading to hypoxemia and malnutrition of gastrointestinal organs due to arterial obstruction. It is a rare surgical emergency, difficult to diagnose and has a mortality rate of 50 to 80% of cases. 1,4 Clinical case: Young, 32-year-old female patient admitted to the General Surgery service of the Federal Hospital of Andaraí, with pain and abdominal distension, evolving with rapid deterioration of the clinical picture, with metabolic acidosis and abdominal sepsis, with the hypothesis of mesenteric ischemia being suggested, confirmed during urgent exploratory laparotomy, with a favorable outcome after the procedure. The aim of this article is to report an atypical case of acute mesenteric ischemia, as well as to address the importance of rapid diagnosis and the need for an early surgical approach.