Trends in Mortality Rate from Cardiovascular Disease in Brazil, 1980-2012

Abstract

BackgroundStudies have questioned the downward trend in mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Brazil in recent years.Objectiveto analyze recent trends in mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in the Brazilian population.MethodsMortality and population data were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Ministry of Health. Risk of death was adjusted by the direct method, using as reference the world population of 2000. We analyzed trends in mortality from CVD, IHD and stroke in women and men in the periods of 1980-2006 and 2007-2012.Resultsthere was a decrease in CVD mortality and stroke in women and men for both periods (p < 0.001). Annual mortality variations for periods 1980-2006 and 2007-2012 were, respectively: CVD (total): -1.5% and -0.8%; CVD men: -1.4% and -0.6%; CVD women: -1.7% and -1.0%; DIC (men): -1.1% and 0.1%; stroke (men): -1.7% and -1.4%; DIC (women): -1.5% and 0.4%; stroke (women): -2.0% and -1.9%. From 1980 to 2006, there was a decrease in IHD mortality in men and women (p < 0.001), but from 2007 to 2012, changes in IHD mortality were not significant in men [y = 151 + 0.04 (R2 = 0.02; p = 0.779)] and women [y = 88-0.54 (R2 = 0.24; p = 0.320).ConclusionTrend in mortality from IHD stopped falling in Brazil from 2007 to 2012.

Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis: perfil da mortalidade no município de Natal/RN no período de 2000 a 2014

“…A alimentação inadequada, a inatividade física, o consumo de álcool e tabagismo são outros importantes fatores de risco para as DCV e mais prevalentes nas classes sociais menos favorecidas da população. 17 O diabetes causou 4,9 milhões de mortes no mundo em 2014. No Brasil, essa enfermidade foi responsável por 5,3% dos óbitos ocorridos em 2011, com taxa de mortali-te dos cânceres relacionados às infecções, associadas à desestruturação dos sistemas de cuidado ao paciente com câncer, onde as intervenções para detecção precoce e tratamentos efetivos permanecem inacessíveis para a maioria das pessoas, resultam em elevadas taxas de mortalidade nos países pobres ou em desenvolvimento.…”

Decomposition of mortality rates from cardiovascular disease in the adult population: a study for Brazilian micro-regions between 1996 and 2015

“…As suggested by Mansur and Favarato (2016), variations in mortality levels by cardiovascular diseases, at the local level, seem to be associated with access to proper healthcare and are strongly related to socioeconomic factors. We also observed a significant variation in deaths from cardiovascular disease over time due to the country's development process, represented by its regional disparities, whether socioeconomic or epidemiological.…”

“…In parallel, and since mortality from cardiovascular disease in 2015 represented 14.83% of all DALYs (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) registered in Brazil (IHME, 2015), a spatial investigation of this cause of death is important, in that it can channel public investment to mitigate the problem. Previous work, by Mansur and Favarato (2016), focuses on mortality trends for five regions of the country. They show that the South and Southeast observed a decline in mortality rates from 1980 to 2012, whereas the North, Mid-West and Northeast regions observed an increase.…”

“…This transition has, in different Brazilian regions, been typified by a high incidence of infectious diseases and an increase in mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), in particular, cardiovascular ones, which account for almost 20% of deaths among individuals aged 30 and above (GUIMARÃES et al, 2015;FRANÇA et al, 2017). Although there is no uniformity regarding the epidemiological transition in Brazil between and within states, one point seems clear: the number of cases involving cardiovascular diseases increased considerably and became the main cause of death in recent years (ARAÚJO, 1992;PRATA, 1992;LOTUFO, 2000;LOTUFO et al, 2009LOTUFO et al, , 2013LESSA, 2004;SOUZA et al, 2006;BARRETO;CARMO, 2007;BRASIL, 2011;GUIMARÃES et al, 2015;FAVARATO, 2016;BRANT et al, 2017).…”

“…However, some studies suggest that mortality rates for cardiovascular disease have decreased since the 1980s (MANSUR et al, 2002;GUIMARÃES et al, 2015;FAVARATO, 2016;BRANT et al, 2017). This trend was observed in each of Brazil's regions, but the rates of decline have not been uniform.…”