Tuning energy harvesting devices with different layout angles to robust the mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion performance

Abstract

This research presents an engineering approach to fabricate multilayered electrospun nanofiber mats with high conversion performance of mechanical to electrical energy as well as improved physical stability. Electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber webs were prepared with predefined nanofiber alignments. Fiber alignments and layer-by-layer deposition angles are considered as a tool to adjust the piezoelectric responses of multi-layered fibrous mats. Samples with optimized drum speed and maximum aligned nanofibers were utilized to fabricate multi-layered mats in different layering angles from the fiber direction of base layer (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180[Formula: see text]). The effect of layering angle of multi-layered nanogenerators on their piezoelectric responses was investigated using an image analysis approach based on the fast Fourier transform. Multivariate analyses (ANOVA) performed to reveal the relationship between increasing drum speed and nanofibers alignment and the degree of crystallization as well as the formation of β-phase in the fiber crystalline structure. Results showed that increase in drum speeds had a relative improvement in the crystal structure and the formation of β-phase in the electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber webs. Furthermore, electrical response of samples with well-aligned polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibers collected at 1800 r/min led to 94.49% improvement when they were exposed by a periodic mechanical impact compared to non-aligned polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber webs. Piezoelectric response of multilayered samples with layering angles of 120[Formula: see text] showed 41% improvement in their electrical output compared to those with 0[Formula: see text]. These results teach us to establish engineering design rules for textile-based energy conversion devices with different piezoelectric coefficients.

An investigation into the polylactic acid texturization through thermomechanical processing and the improved d33 piezoelectric outcome of the fabricated scaffolds

“…In the case of PLA, the d 14 PE constant has been studied chiefly, and it has been demonstrated that the order of constant ranges between 9 and 11 pc/N [ 13 , 14 ]. In comparison, post-treatment such as annealing or further thermomechanical process has the potential to increase this PE constant approximately near to 20 pc/N [ 15 ].…”

Energy Harvesting Materials and Structures for Smart Textile Applications: Recent Progress and Path Forward

“…Another strategy explored by researchers involves electrospun fibers. In particular, experiments involving multilayer electrospun PVDF mats with different fiber alignments and layering angles showed that the best performances are obtained with well-aligned fibers and layering angles of 120° from the fiber direction of the base layer [ 68 ]. The improvement in the electrical response when the mats were subjected to a periodic mechanical impact was equal to 95% in the first case and 41% in the second case.…”

Optimization of high‐quality carbon fiber production from electrospun aligned lignin fibers

“…[ 38 ] In drug delivery, aligned fibers can maintain more constant and continuous release of drugs. [ 39 ] Aligned fibers are also preferred as piezoelectric material for better voltage generation, [ 40 ] as energy device for stronger electrical response, [ 41 ] and as fuel cell electrode for improved conductivity. [ 42 ] Aligning fibers is propitious for yielding HP LBCF.…”