Two-dimensional imaging of soot volume fraction in laminar diffusion flames

Snelling, David R.; Thomson, Kevin A.; Smallwood, Gregory J.; Gülder, Ömer L.

doi:10.1364/ao.38.002478

Cited by 181 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…light, a 610 nm bandpass filter was placed between the dye cell and the ICCD detector. and the reference and extinction beams before and during Run 3 to the reference beam to the ratio of the two beams prior to the tunnel run, it was possible, us technique, to determine the relative average mass fraction of the graphite (parts per (28) .…”

Section: Figure 6 Schlieren Images For Run 3498 With Overlaid Cfd Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Hypersonic Laminar Heating Augmentation in the Stagnation Region

Marineau¹,

Lewis

Smith

et al. 2013

51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

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Laminar stagnation region heating augmentation is investigated in the AEDC Tunnel 9 at Mach 10 by performing high frequency surface pressure and heat transfer measurements on the Orion CEV capsule at zero degree angle-of-attack for unit Reynolds numbers between 0.5 and 15 million per foot. Heating augmentation increases with Reynolds number, but is also model size dependent as it is absent on a 1.25-inch diameter model at Reynolds numbers where it reaches up to 15% on a 7-inch model. Heat transfer space-time correlations on the 7-inch model show that disturbances convect at the boundary layer edge velocity and that the streamwise integral scale increases with distance. Therefore, vorticity amplification due to stretching and piling-up in the stagnation region appears to be responsible for the stagnation point heating augmentation on the larger model. This assumption is reinforced by the f -11/3 dependence of the surface pressure spectrum compared to the f -1 dependence in the free steam. Vorticity amplification does not occur on the 1.25-inch model because the disturbances are too large. Improved free stream fluctuation measurements will be required to determine if significant vorticity is present upstream or mostly generated behind the bow shock.

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Section: Figure 6 Schlieren Images For Run 3498 With Overlaid Cfd Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Hypersonic Laminar Heating Augmentation in the Stagnation Region

Marineau¹,

Lewis

Smith

et al. 2013

51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Measurements were performed on a Gülder burner ethylene/air flame described in [34] for the standard operating conditions of 194 sccm ethylene (1 atm, 21°C) and 284 slpm co-flow air. This is a stable and repeatable flame for which detailed measured soot volume fraction data were available [35].…”

Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of uncertainties in instantaneous soot volume fraction measurements using two-dimensional, auto-compensating, laser-induced incandescence (2D-AC-LII)

2010

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“…The use of optical transmissivity data to ascertain soot concentrations is a well-established laboratory measurement technique (Greenberg and Ku 1997;Snelling et al 1999;Thomson et al 2008) where conditions and optical interferences are readily controlled. However, for in-situ measurements of atmospheric plumes using sky-LOSA, data analysis is complicated by potential effects of secondary scattering by the plume of incoming light from the sky-dome and sun.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generalized Sky-LOSA Method to Quantify Soot/Black Carbon Emission Rates in Atmospheric Plumes of Gas Flares

Johnson

Devillers

Thomson

2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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A new generalized theory governing sky-LOSA measurements (line-of-sight attenuation measurements of sky-light) of soot mass flux in atmospheric plumes has been developed which enables accurate measurements in the presence of in-scattered light from the sky and sun. The new approach is quantitatively tested using field measurement data collected for a gas flare at a turbocompressor station in Mexico. Although the soot plume of the tested flare was on the threshold of visible to the naked eye, the sensitivity of the current hardware was more than sufficient to resolve the soot mass emission rate of 0.067 g/s, with a quantified 95% confidence interval of 0.050 to 0.090 g/s. Results of a Monte Carlo simulation showed that soot optical property uncertainty was the major contributor to the overall measurement uncertainty. By contrast, correction of in-scattering via the generalized theory was a comparatively minor contributor, and was specifically insensitive to assumptions about the sky polarization state and intensity distribution. Given the prevalence of flaring and its implication as a potentially critical source of black carbon emissions, sky-LOSA is an essential new technology to directly quantify the impact of these globally distributed sources, for which comparable technologies do not exist.

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Two-dimensional imaging of soot volume fraction in laminar diffusion flames

Cited by 181 publications

References 20 publications

Investigation of Hypersonic Laminar Heating Augmentation in the Stagnation Region

Investigation of Hypersonic Laminar Heating Augmentation in the Stagnation Region

Analysis of uncertainties in instantaneous soot volume fraction measurements using two-dimensional, auto-compensating, laser-induced incandescence (2D-AC-LII)

A Generalized Sky-LOSA Method to Quantify Soot/Black Carbon Emission Rates in Atmospheric Plumes of Gas Flares

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